Table 1.
Recent studies reporting prevalence of previous surgery in infants with invasive fungal infections.
| Country and Year [Ref.] | Study Type | Study Period |
Inclusion Criteria | Neonates (n) | Preterm (n, %) | Central Line (n, %) | Previous Surger (n, %) | Abdominal Surgery (n, %) |
Non Abdominal Surgery (n, %) |
In-Hospital Mortality (n, %) | Fungal Mortality (n, %) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US, 2000 [9] |
R, SC | 1981–1999 | ICI | 96 | 83 VLBW (86) | 63 (66) | 3 (12) | NA | NA | 31 (32) | 11 (11) |
| Kuwait, 2000 [10] |
R, SC | 1994–1998 | Positive BC | 25 | 9 LBW (36) | NA | 25 (100) | 20 (80) | 5 (20) | 8 (25) | NA |
| US, 2000 [11] |
P, MC | 1993–1995 | Positive BC | 35 | 29 VLBW (83) | NA | 13 (37) | NA | NA | 8 (23) | NA |
| Greece, 2004 [12] | P, SC | 1994–2000 | ICI | 59 | NA | NA | 23 (39) | NA | NA | 17 (29) | C. albicans: 15/38 (39); C. parapsilosis: 1/9 (11); others: NA |
| Costa Rica, 2005 [13] | R, SC | 1994–1998 | Positive BC | 110 | 46 (62) | 98 (89) | 79 (72) | 40 (36) | 39 (35) | 37 (34) | 29 (26) |
| US, 2005 [14] |
P, MC | 1998–2000 | Positive BC | 35 | 30 VLBW (86) | 23 (66) | 13 (37) | 8 (23) | 5 (14) | 7 (20) | NA |
| Jordan, 2008 [15] | R, SC | 1995–2006 | Positive BC | 24 | 13 (54) | 19 (79) | 10 (42) | 10 (42) | 0 | 13 (54) | 4 (17) |
| Australia, 2009 [16] |
P, MC | 2001–2004 | Positive BC | 33 | 33 (94) | 24 (89) | 5 (19) | NA | NA | 7 (22) | NA |
| China, 2013 [17] | R, SC | 2004–2010 | IFI | 45 | 29 VLBW (64) | 32 (71) | NA | 9 (20) | NA | 4 (9) | NA |
| Portugal, 2014 [18] |
P, MC | 2005–2010 | IFI | 44 | 37 (84) | 44 (100) | 14 (32) | NA | NA | 5 (11) | 5 (11) |
| England, 2014 [19] | R and P, MC | R: 2004–2009; P: 2010 | IFI | 84 | 79 (94) | 71 (87) | NA | 11 (13) | NA | 26 (31) | 18 (21) |
| China, 2015 [20] | R, SC | 2006–2010 | Positive BC | 19 | NA | 16 (84) | NA | 9 (47) | NA | 3 (16) | NA |
| Italy, 2016 [21] | P, MC | 2005–2015 | ICI | 14 | 12 LBW (85) | NA | 2 (14) | 2 (14) | 0 | NA for neonates with ICI |
NA for neonates with ICI |
| US, 2018 [22] |
P, MC | 2008–2015 | Positive BC | 90 | 46 (78) | 70 (78) | 8 (9) | 2 (2) | 7 (7) | 14 (16) | NA |
| Iran, 2018 [23] |
P, SC | 2014–2016 | Positive BC | 35 | 17 (49) | 33 (94) | 14 (40) | 10 (29) | 4 (11) | 15 (43) | NA for neonates with ICI |
| Germany, 2018 [24] |
P, MC | 2009–2015 | Need for antifungal treatment |
724 | 724 (100) | 652 (90) | NA | 272 (38) | NA | 71 (10) | NA |
| Taiwan, 2018 [25] | R, SC | 2004–2015 | ICI | 113 | NA | 108 (96) | 31 (27) | NA | NA | 48 (43) | 32 (28) |
| Turkey, 2019 [26] | R, SC | 2007–2012 | ICI | 22 | 20 | 3 (6) | 5 (17) | NA | NA | 10 (46) | NA |
| France, 2019 [27] | P, MC | 2010–2012 | IFI treated with micafungin | 31 | 29 (97) | NA | NA | 4 (4) | NA | 0 | 0 |
BC: blood culture. ICI: invasive Candida infection. IFI: invasive fungal infection. LBW: low birth weight. MC: multi-center study. NA: not available. P: prospective. R: retrospective. SC: single-center study. VLBW: very low birth weight.