Figure 4.

Schisandrol A regulates IL-1β-induced NF-κB activation. Mouse articular chondrocytes were pretreated with Schisandrol A at different concentrations for 24 h (n = 3) before being treated with IL-1β (1 ng/mL) for 15 min. (A) Protein levels of IκB and phosphorylated p65 (pp65), phosphorylated JNK (pJNK), phosphorylated ERK (pERK) and phosphorylated p38 (pp38) were evaluated by Western blotting. (B) Protein levels of IκB and phosphorylated p65 (pp65) were evaluated using densitometry. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p65 were used as loading controls. NF-κB transcriptional activity (C) was assessed using a luciferase reporter gene assay. (D) Interaction simulation of Schisandrol A and β-TrCP generated by Autodock Vina program. (E) General summary of our findings. Celecoxib (50 µM) was used as a positive control. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s test, and the plotted values were expressed as means ± SEM; n.s. p > 0.05, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and **** p < 0.0001 compared to the control group.