Table 1.
Descriptive statistics for the analytic sample overall, stratified by current vaping status, and stratified by current smoking status.
| Overall Sample (n = 19,147) |
Current Vaping Status | Current Smoking Status | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | No (n = 18,013) |
Yes (n = 1100) |
No (n = 13,481) |
Yes (n = 5654) |
||||||
| n | % (95% CI) | n | % (95% CI) | n | % (95% CI) | n | % (95% CI) | n | % (95% CI) | |
| Hypertension *† | ||||||||||
| No | 16,267 | 82.7 (81.9–83.6) | 15,344 | 82.9 (82.0–83.7) | 897 | 78.7 (75.8–81.3) | 11,851 | 84.0 (83.0–84.9) | 4404 | 77.4 (76.0–78.8) |
| Yes | 2859 | 17.3 (16.4–18.1) | 2650 | 17.1 (16.3–18.0) | 201 | 21.3 (18.7–24.2) | 1618 | 16.0 (15.1–17.0) | 1241 | 22.6 (21.2–24.0) |
| Vaping status † | ||||||||||
| Never vaper | 16,040 | 91.3 (90.8–91.8) | --- | --- | --- | --- | 11,968 | 95.6 (95.2–95.9) | 4064 | 73.8 (72.2–75.4) |
| Former vaper | 1565 | 5.0 (4.6–5.3) | --- | --- | --- | --- | 618 | 2.3 (2.1–2.6) | 946 | 15.9 (14.7–17.1) |
| Current vaper | 1100 | 3.7 (3.4–4.0) | --- | --- | --- | --- | 517 | 2.1 (1.8–2.4) | 581 | 10.3 (9.4–11.3) |
| Smoking status * | ||||||||||
| Never smoker | 2832 | 16.2 (15.3–17.1) | 10,227 | 66.3 (65.0–67.6) | 184 | 12.9 (10.8–15.5) | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Former smoker | 10,426 | 64.3 (63.0–65.6) | 2498 | 15.6 (14.7–16.5) | 333 | 32.7 (29.4–36.2) | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Current smoker | 5654 | 19.5 (18.7–20.3) | 5056 | 18.1 (17.4–18.9) | 581 | 54.4 (50.4–58.2) | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Age *† | ||||||||||
| 18–24 years | 7238 | 18.7 (18.2–19.3) | 6838 | 18.5 (17.9–19.1) | 389 | 25.1 (22.5–28.0) | 6154 | 20.2 (19.5–20.9) | 1082 | 12.6 (11.7–13.5) |
| 25–34 years | 4985 | 27.3 (26.4–28.3) | 4695 | 27.3 (26.3–28.3) | 282 | 29.4 (26.6–32.3) | 3265 | 26.6 (25.4–27.8) | 1718 | 30.5 (28.9–32.1) |
| 35–44 years | 3549 | 26.0 (25.0–27.1) | 3300 | 26.0 (25.0–27.1) | 239 | 24.9 (22.3–27.7) | 2133 | 25.5 (24.2–26.7) | 1412 | 28.3 (26.8–29.9) |
| 45–54 years | 3375 | 27.9 (27.0–28.9) | 3180 | 28.2 (27.3–29.1) | 190 | 20.6 (17.9–23.7) | 1929 | 27.7 (26.7–28.8) | 1442 | 28.6 (27.3–30.1) |
| Sex *† | ||||||||||
| Female | 10,505 | 53.8 (53.1–54.5) | 9951 | 54.1 (53.4–54.8) | 538 | 44.9 (41.3–48.5) | 7419 | 54.8 (53.9–55.6) | 3081 | 49.7 (48.2–51.1) |
| Male | 8626 | 46.2 (45.5–46.9) | 8046 | 45.9 (45.2–46.6) | 562 | 55.1 (51.5–58.7) | 6048 | 45.2 (44.4–46.1) | 2571 | 50.3 (48.9–51.8) |
| Race-ethnicity *† | ||||||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 10,428 | 59.4 (58.7–60.1) | 9627 | 58.8 (58.1–59.6) | 786 | 76.0 (72.7–79.0) | 6792 | 57.3 (56.4–58.1) | 3632 | 68.7 (67.0–70.3) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 2674 | 11.6 (11.1–12.1) | 2613 | 11.8 (11.3–12.4) | 57 | 5.3 (4.0–7.0) | 1968 | 11.6 (11.0–12.2) | 703 | 11.7 (10.7–12.9) |
| Hispanic | 4256 | 19.8 (19.2–20.4) | 4083 | 20.1 (19.5–20.7) | 161 | 11.5 (9.4–14.0) | 3432 | 21.2 (20.5–22.0) | 820 | 13.6 (12.6–14.6) |
| Non-Hispanic Other | 1580 | 9.2 (8.6–9.7) | 1485 | 9.3 (8.7–9.8) | 94 | 7.2 (5.4–9.4) | 1162 | 9.9 (9.3–10.6) | 417 | 6.0 (5.3–6.8) |
| Annual household income *† | ||||||||||
| ≥USD 50,000 | 6793 | 48.3 (47.0–49.5) | 6449 | 48.7 (47.5–50.0) | 340 | 37.1 (33.8–40.6) | 5402 | 52.8 (51.5–54.2) | 1388 | 29.7 (27.8–31.5) |
| <USD 50,000 | 11,045 | 51.7 (50.5–53.0) | 10,331 | 51.3 (50.0–52.5) | 689 | 62.9 (59.4–66.2) | 7043 | 47.2 (45.8–48.5) | 3994 | 70.3 (68.5–72.2) |
| Education status *† | ||||||||||
| Bachelors and beyond | 4085 | 30.9 (30.2–31.5) | 3949 | 31.5 (30.8–32.2) | 133 | 14.4 (11.9–17.3) | 3514 | 35.4 (34.6–36.2) | 570 | 11.8 (10.6–13.3) |
| Some college | 6812 | 33.0 (32.2–33.8) | 6309 | 32.6 (31.8–33.4) | 496 | 45.5 (42.1–48.9) | 4792 | 32.5 (31.6–33.4) | 2019 | 35.3 (33.8–36.9) |
| High school or less | 8166 | 36.1 (35.4–36.8) | 7681 | 35.9 (35.2–36.7) | 463 | 40.1 (36.6–43.7) | 5122 | 32.1 (31.2–33.1) | 3035 | 52.8 (51.1–54.5) |
| Leisure-time physical activity *† | ||||||||||
| ≥4 days/week | 7638 | 38.2 (37.0–39.3) | 7191 | 38.1 (37.0–39.3) | 439 | 39.1 (35.8–42.5) | 5477 | 38.1 (36.7–39.5) | 2156 | 38.3 (36.7–40.0) |
| 1–3 days/week | 8427 | 46.5 (45.4–47.6) | 7953 | 46.6 (45.5–47.7) | 457 | 42.2 (38.8–45.7) | 6191 | 48.2 (46.9-49.4) | 2233 | 39.5 (38.0-41.0) |
| 0 days/week | 3015 | 15.3 (14.6-16.1) | 2808 | 15.2 (14.5-16.0) | 199 | 18.6 (15.9-21.7) | 1773 | 13.7 (12.8-14.6) | 1239 | 22.2 (20.9-23.4) |
| Body mass index * | ||||||||||
| <18.5 kg/m2 | 528 | 2.2 (2.0-2.5) | 494 | 2.2 (2.0-2.4) | 32 | 2.6 (1.7-3.9) | 381 | 2.2 (1.9-2.5) | 146 | 2.4 (2.0-2.8) |
| 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 | 6975 | 33.5 (32.4–34.6) | 6559 | 33.4 (32.4–34.6) | 409 | 35.1 (31.7–38.7) | 5086 | 33.6 (32.3–34.8) | 1888 | 33.2 (31.8–34.6) |
| 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 | 5469 | 31.9 (30.8–33.1) | 5183 | 32.2 (31.0–33.3) | 273 | 26.1 (23.3–29.0) | 3828 | 32.0 (30.7–33.4) | 1638 | 31.5 (30.1–33.0) |
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 5636 | 32.4 (31.2–33.5) | 5259 | 32.2 (31.0–33.4) | 367 | 36.2 (32.8–39.8) | 3810 | 32.2 (30.9–33.6) | 1824 | 32.9 (31.3–34.4) |
| Heavy alcohol use *† | ||||||||||
| No | 17,920 | 95.3 (94.8–95.7) | 16,901 | 95.5 (95.0–95.9) | 990 | 90.9 (88.8–92.6) | 12,922 | 96.8 (96.4–97.2) | 4988 | 88.8 (87.7–89.9) |
| Yes | 1111 | 4.7 (4.3–5.2) | 1008 | 4.5 (4.1–5.0) | 98 | 9.1 (7.4–11.2) | 510 | 3.2 (2.8–3.6) | 600 | 11.2 (10.1–12.3) |
| Insurance status † | ||||||||||
| Insured | 15,495 | 85.0 (84.2–85.8) | 14,587 | 85.1 (84.2–85.9) | 889 | 83.0 (80.2–85.5) | 11230 | 87.2 (86.3–88.1) | 4260 | 75.9 (74.3–77.4) |
| Uninsured | 3452 | 15.0 (14.2–15.8) | 3240 | 14.9 (14.1–15.8) | 199 | 17.0 (14.5–19.8) | 2100 | 12.8 (11.9–13.7) | 1345 | 24.1 (22.6–25.7) |
| Marital status *† | ||||||||||
| Married | 6393 | 49.9 (48.8–51.1) | 6034 | 50.5 (49.3–51.6) | 346 | 34.6 (31.4–38.0) | 4561 | 53.4 (52.1–54.6) | 1830 | 35.6 (33.6–37.6) |
| Widowed, divorced or separated | 2378 | 13.4 (12.7–14.2) | 2196 | 13.2 (12.4–14.1) | 176 | 18.9 (16.4–21.7) | 1086 | 10.8 (10.0-11.6) | 1289 | 24.6 (23.1-26.1) |
| Never married | 10,150 | 36.6 (35.7–37.6) | 9570 | 36.3 (35.3-37.3) | 566 | 46.5 (43.0-50.0) | 7692 | 35.9 (34.8-37.0) | 2451 | 39.8 (37.9-41.8) |
| Hyperlipidemia † | ||||||||||
| No | 16,867 | 84.3 (83.4-85.1) | 15,891 | 84.2 (83.4-85.0) | 947 | 85.3 (82.9-87.5) | 12,089 | 84.5 (83.6-85.5) | 4768 | 83.1 (82.0-84.1) |
| Yes | 2277 | 15.7 (14.9–16.6) | 2120 | 15.8 (15.0–16.6) | 152 | 14.7 (12.5–17.1) | 1390 | 15.5 (14.5–16.4) | 885 | 16.9 (15.9–18.0) |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||||||||
| No | 17,784 | 91.5 (90.8–92.1) | 16,750 | 91.5 (90.8–92.2) | 1005 | 91.1 (88.7–93.0) | 12,655 | 91.6 (90.8–92.4) | 5119 | 90.9 (90.0–91.7) |
| Yes | 1336 | 8.5 (7.9–9.2) | 1240 | 8.5 (7.8–9.2) | 91 | 8.9 (7.0–11.3) | 815 | 8.4 (7.6–9.2) | 519 | 9.1 (8.3–10.0) |
Reported statistics (other than frequencies) represent weighted values according to PATH Study specifications. Due to some missing data points, subgroup frequencies do not all add up to the full analytic sample (n = 19,147). Details provided in supplement file. * Indicates Rao-Scott χ2 test p < 0.05 comparing current vaper v. never/former vaper. † Indicates Rao-Scott χ2 test p < 0.05 comparing current smoker v. never/former smoker. CI = confidence interval.