Table 2.
Prevalence of hypertension and multivariable odds for hypertension among the analytic sample, modeling current smoking and vaping as separate variables.
| Variable | Prevalence of Hypertension |
Multivariable Odds of Hypertension |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Cases | % (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |
| Current vaper | ||||
| No | 18,013 | 2650 | 17.1 (16.3–18.0) | REF |
| Yes | 1100 | 201 | 21.3 (18.7–24.2) | 1.31 (1.05–1.63) |
| Current smoker | ||||
| No | 13,481 | 1618 | 16.0 (15.1–17.0) | REF |
| Yes | 5654 | 1241 | 22.6 (21.2–24.0) | 1.27 (1.10–1.47) |
| Age | ||||
| 18–24 years | 7238 | 310 | 4.5 (3.8–5.1) | REF |
| 25–34 years | 4985 | 573 | 10.9 (9.7–12.2) | 2.33 (1.82–2.99) |
| 35–44 years | 3549 | 798 | 18.3 (16.8–19.9) | 3.58 (2.82–4.55) |
| 45–54 years | 3375 | 1178 | 31.1 (29.2–33.0) | 6.19 (4.90–7.83) |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 10,505 | 1465 | 15.2 (14.1–16.4) | REF |
| Male | 8626 | 1393 | 19.7 (18.4–20.9) | 1.60 (1.39–1.85) |
| Race-ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 10,428 | 1538 | 17.6 (16.4–18.8) | REF |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 2674 | 581 | 26.1 (24.0–28.4) | 1.56 (1.32–1.84) |
| Hispanic | 4256 | 452 | 12.8 (11.4–14.3) | 0.67 (0.54–0.82) |
| Non-Hispanic Other | 1580 | 230 | 12.4 (10.1–15.0) | 0.95 (0.72–1.24) |
| Annual household income | ||||
| ≥USD 50,000 | 6793 | 927 | 15.7 (14.3–17.3) | REF |
| <USD 50,000 | 11,045 | 1801 | 19.2 (18.1–20.5) | 1.32 (1.09–1.60) |
| Education status | ||||
| Bachelors and beyond | 4085 | 557 | 13.9 (12.4–15.7) | REF |
| Some college | 6812 | 1069 | 18.1 (16.9–19.5) | 1.10 (0.92–1.32) |
| High school or less | 8166 | 1223 | 19.3 (18.1–20.5) | 1.08 (0.89–1.33) |
| Insurance status | ||||
| Insured | 15,495 | 2437 | 18.0 (17.0–19.0) | REF |
| Uninsured | 3452 | 400 | 13.4 (12.0–15.0) | 0.70 (0.58–0.85) |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 6393 | 1208 | 18.0 (16.8–19.3) | REF |
| Widowed, divorced or separated | 2378 | 648 | 26.0 (23.6–28.6) | 1.26 (1.01–1.57) |
| Never married | 10,150 | 960 | 12.9 (11.9–13.9) | 1.23 (1.04–1.45) |
| Leisure-time physical activity | ||||
| ≥4 days/week | 7638 | 953 | 15.3 (14.1–16.5) | REF |
| 1–3 days/week | 8427 | 1244 | 16.5 (15.5–17.6) | 0.92 (0.80–1.07) |
| 0 days/week | 3015 | 651 | 24.3 (22.2–26.5) | 1.18 (0.98–1.42) |
| Body mass index | ||||
| <18.5 kg/m2 | 528 | 26 | 5.9 (3.3–10.2) | REF |
| 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 | 6975 | 420 | 6.6 (5.8–7.5) | 1.10 (0.52–2.34) |
| 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 | 5469 | 790 | 15.4 (14.2–16.7) | 1.98 (0.95–4.13) |
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 5636 | 1527 | 30.5 (28.9–32.2) | 4.11 (1.98–8.55) |
| Heavy alcohol use | ||||
| No | 17,920 | 2629 | 17.0 (16.2–17.9) | REF |
| Yes | 1111 | 211 | 21.4 (18.4–24.8) | 1.33 (1.01–1.75) |
| Hypercholesterolemia | ||||
| No | 16,867 | 1797 | 12.5 (11.8–13.3) | REF |
| Yes | 2277 | 1062 | 42.6 (39.3–45.9) | 2.85 (2.36–3.45) |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||
| No | 17,784 | 2163 | 13.9 (13.1–14.8) | REF |
| Yes | 1336 | 683 | 52.2 (47.9–56.4) | 2.95 (2.39–3.65) |
Reported statistics (other than frequencies) represent weighted values according to PATH Study specifications. Due to missing data points, subgroup frequencies do not all add up to the full analytic sample (n = 19,147). Details provided in supplement file. aOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.