Table 3.
Basic properties of the materials used for pistons.
| Material | Density (kg/dm3) | Minimum Yield Strength (MPa) | Minimum Tensile Strength (MPa) | Maximum Carbon Content (%) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 65-45-12 | 7.1 | 310 | 448 | 3.50–3.90 | spheroidal cast iron |
| C35 | 7.8 | 270 | 520 | 0.32–0.39 | medium-carbon structural steel |
| C45 | 7.8 | 305 | 580 | 0.42–0.5 | medium-carbon structural steel |
| S275JR | 7.9 | 275 | 410 | 0.21 | low-carbon structural steel |
| S355JR | 7.8 | 355 | 490 | 0.2 | low-carbon structural steel |
| BS970070M20 | 7.8 | 210 | 410 | 0.24 | low-carbon structural steel |
| Al 7075-T6 | 2.8 | 430 * | 510 | – | Al-Zn alloy |
| POM | 1.41 | 67–69 | 67–85 | – | polyoxymethylene |
* For aluminium alloy, instead of the yield strength Re, the conventional yield strength Rp0.2 is given.