Table 1.

Effect of HPV 16 E6 and E7 variants on metabolic reprogramming in cancer.

Oncoprotein	Sublineage	Nucleotide or Protein Variant	Effect on Protein or Signaling Pathway	Effect on Metabolism	Reference
E6	Europeo	E-prototype	p53	glycolysis	[108,109,110,111,112]
		R17I	c-Myc expression and activation	glycolytic metabolism nucleotide synthesis glutaminolysis	[107,132,133,134,135,136]
		Q21D
		E-A126 (R8Q)	c-Myc expression and activation Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation	glycolytic metabolism nucleotide synthesis glutaminolysis Warburg effect mitochondrial respiration	[107,132,133,134,135,136,154]
		E-G131 (R10G)	p53 Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation	glycolysis Warburg effect mitochondrial respiration	[108,109,110,111,112,135,136,154]
		E-T245 (R48W)	Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation	glycolytic metabolism Warburg effect mitochondrial respiration	[135,136,154]
		E-G350 (L83V)	MAPK signaling pathway activation Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation	autophagy glycolytic metabolism Warburg effect mitochondrial respiration	[135,136,144,150,151,154]
	Asian	As (D25E)	HIF-1α stability STAT3 expression miR-21 expression AIFM2 expression ENO1 expression cytochrome liberation glutathione S transferase Pi 1 (GSTP1) levels	Warburg effect mitochondrial respiration fatty acid synthesis lipid metabolism oxidative phosphorylation phase II detox metabolism	[13,16,17,137,139,140,141,142,158,159,160,168]
	Asian-American	AA (Q14H/H78Y/L83V)	HIF-1α stability STAT3 levels MAP2K1 expression MAPK-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), MAPK-p38 y PI3K/AKT activation mTOR activation IDH1 IDH2 GAPDH and PKM2 phosphoglucomutase and aldoketoreductase CAIX expression PRKAG2 interaction SLC26A2 expression p53	autophagy glucose uptake glycolytic metabolism and Warburg effect internalization of glucose into the cell oxalate levels, mitochondrial damage	[6,13,16,17,108,109,110,111,112,137,139,140,141,142,145,149,150,151,163,171]
	African	Afr2a(R10I/Q14D/H78Y)	p53	glycolysis	[108,109,110,111,112]
E7		A4 (N29S)	pRb	oxidative metabolism glutaminolysis nucleotide synthesis	[88,128,129,130]
		A5 (L28F)

Up or down arrows indicate the increase or decrease, respectively.