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Mechanisms that can alter the sequence context of SARS-CoV-2. (i) APOBEC-caused mutations correlated with the enzyme signature dominantly on the plus RNA strand; (ii) ADAR-caused mutations equivalently affecting both RNA strands due to its mechanism of action; (iii) drop of CG dinucleotide targeted by ZAP through selection; (iv) ROS effect shown on the plus RNA strand.
