Table 1.
Subjects characteristics and baseline values of the volunteers 1.
| Baseline LE 2 | Baseline OE 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | 33.2 ± 7.2 (26–49) | ||
| Weight (kg) | 68.1 ± 13.2 (48–90) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.0 ± 2.1 (19–25) | ||
| Sex (Female/Male) | 8/8 | ||
| Baseline values 1 | |||
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 81.8 ± 8.3 (67–98) | 79.4 ± 7.5 (69–96) | |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 169.7 ± 30.2 (129–238) | 164.7 ± 24.9 (121–217) | |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 56.7 ± 12.6 (33–89) | 53.4 ± 11.8 (29–81) | |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 97.1 ± 25.3 (64–157) | 93.6 ± 21.2 (62–140) | |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 72.6 ± 43.2 (34–173) | 74.7 ± 39.0 (35–150) | |
| Insulin (µU/mL) | 4.0 ± 1.9 (2–7) | 3.5 ± 2.2 (1–9) | |
| HOMA-IR | 0.8 ± 0.4 (0.3–1.4) | 0.7 ± 0.5 (0.2–2.0) | |
| GGT (U/mL) | 15.3 ± 9.1 (6–36) | 15.3 ± 7.9 (8–34) | |
| ALT (U/mL) | 19.5 ± 8.7 (10–39) | 19.9 ± 9.4 (11–41) | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 71.5 ± 8.7 (58–91) | 71.3 ± 10.8 (57–90) | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 110.4 ± 10.8 (96–129) | 109.9 ± 11.0 (90–127) | |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 59.4 ± 8.9 (42–76) | 55.5 ± 7.4 (43–68) |
1 Values are shown as mean ± SD (range) (n = 16). 2 Mean baseline data from 16 volunteers before the administration of the two citrus extracts (n = 32); HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; LE, lemon extract; OE, orange extract.