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. 2021 Mar 9;10(3):605. doi: 10.3390/cells10030605

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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CCCAs have mature adipocyte-like functions in vitro. (A) HDFs, differentiated adipocytes (dAdipo), and CCCAs were stained with OilRed O. Optical light microscopic images are shown (original magnification: ×100). (B) Culture supernatants of the indicated cells were subjected to ELISA for measurement of concentrations of the indicated adipokines. (C) Cells were or were not pretreated with phloretin and were then tested for incorporation of 2-NBDG in the presence or absence of Glucose Uptake Enhancer. Cells were analyzed by means of flow cytometry. Representative histograms for green fluorescence are shown. * p < 0.01, ** p < 0.001 vs. control group; ⁺⁺p < 0.01 vs. dAdipo group.