Table 4.
Viable counts of lactic acid bacteria on Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) agar incubated at 37 °C, expressed as Log colony forming units (cfu) mL−1, and pH values assessed in the laboratory-scale prototypes of fermented beverages made with red rice, barley and buckwheat immediately after inoculation (t0), 24 h fermentation, and every 2 days during the 30 day-shelf life under refrigerated conditions (+4 °C) (from t2 to t30).
| t | Red rice (RR) | Barley (B) | Buckwheat (Bw) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LAB | pH | LAB | pH | LAB | pH | |
| 0 | 7.14 ± 0.09 b | 7.23 ± 0.15 a | 6.74 ± 0.03 d | 6.95 ± 0.12 a | 6.82 ± 0.16 b | 7.42 ± 0.00 a |
| 24 h | 8.72 ± 0.01 a | 4.25 ± 0.05 b | 9.30 ± 0.04 ab | 3.95 ± 0.00 b | 8.65 ± 0.04 a | 3.91 ± 0.01 b |
| 2 d | 8.72 ± 0.06 a | 4.22 ± 0.01 bc | 9.32 ± 0.12 a | 3.94 ± 0.00 bc | 8.82 ± 0.00 a | 3.81 ± 0.01 b |
| 4 d | 8.59 ± 0.09 a | 4.05 ± 0.06 bcd | 8.88 ± 0.01 c | 3.59 ± 0.03 efg | 8.80 ± 0.00 a | 3.60 ± 0.01 c |
| 6 d | 8.74 ± 0.06 a | 4.23 ± 0.06 bc | 8.90 ± 0.01 c | 3.78 ±0.03 cd | 8.73 ± 0.22 a | 3.51 ± 0.08 cd |
| 8 d | 8.69 ± 0.04 a | 4.15 ± 0.08 bcd | 8.93 ± 0.01 c | 3.59 ± 0.00 efg | 8.77 ± 0.10 a | 3.47 ± 0.06 cd |
| 10 d | 8.67 ± 0.04 a | 4.12 ± 0.04 bcd | 8.89 ± 0.13 c | 3.61 ± 0.01ef | 8.71 ± 0.45 a | 3.45 ± 0.06 cd |
| 12 d | 8.70 ± 0.04 a | 4.11 ± 0.02 bcd | 9.02 ± 0.05 abc | 3.68 ± 0.07 de | 8.85 ± 0.05 a | 3.50 ± 0.03 cd |
| 14 d | 8.73 ± 0.01 a | 4.11 ± 0.02 bcd | 8.96 ± 0.20 c | 3.68 ± 0.04 de | 8.88 ± 0.07 a | 3.50 ± 0.01 cd |
| 16 d | 8.66 ± 0.12 a | 4.12 ± 0.02 bcd | 8.99 ± 0.03 bc | 3.59 ± 0.01 efg | 8.85 ± 0.03 a | 3.39 ± 0.06 d |
| 18 d | 8.69 ± 0.07 a | 4.13 ± 0.01 bcd | 9.03 ± 0.00 abc | 3.59 ± 0.07 efg | 8.89 ± 0.08 a | 3.38 ± 0.03 d |
| 20 d | 8.59 ± 0.13 a | 4.14 ± 0.04 bcd | 8.83 ± 0.12 c | 3.60 ± 0.03 efg | 9.13 ± 0.50 a | 3.46 ± 0.11 cd |
| 22 d | 8.64 ± 0.12 a | 4.08 ± 0.04 cd | 8.91 ± 0.06 c | 3.60 ± 0.04 efg | 8.91 ± 0.07 a | 3.15 ± 0.03 e |
| 24 d | 8.65 ± 0.14 a | 3.99 ± 0.06 bcd | 8.94 ± 0.03 c | 3.55 ± 0.01 efg | 8.97 ± 0.03 a | 3.39 ± 0.01 d |
| 26 d | 8.64 ± 0.11 a | 4.07 ± 0.04 bcd | 8.92 ± 0.05 c | 3.44 ± 0.01 gh | 8.99 ± 0.24 a | 3.43 ± 0.04 cd |
| 28 d | 8.52 ± 0.21 a | 4.03 ± 0.03 bcd | 9.01 ± 0.10 abc | 3.38 ± 0.01 h | 8.89 ± 0.01 a | 3.41 ± 0.04 d |
| 30 d | 8.60 ± 0.01 a | 4.01 ± 0.03 d | 9.11 ± 0.04 abc | 3.51 ± 0.02 fgh | 9.04 ± 0.01 a | 3.41 ± 0.00 d |
Means ± standard deviations of triplicate independent experiments are shown. The different letters in the same column indicate significant differences according to the Tukey–Kramer’s (HSD) test (α = 0.05).