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. 2021 Mar 6;13(3):345. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030345

Table 2.

Observer-reported outcomes depending of age group.

Outcomes 0–2 years
(n = 33)
3–5 years
(n = 71)
6–11 years
(n = 48)
12–17 years
(n = 21)
Statistical Test
Result intake
Fully taken 33 (100) a 68 (96) 48 (100) 21 (100) F b: p = 45
Partly taken 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Not taken 0 (0) 3 (4) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Patient reaction
Positive reaction 6 (20) 39 (57) 30 (62) 21 (100) χ2 c: p < 001
Neutral reaction 21 (70) 21 (31) 15 (31) 0 (0)
Negative reaction 3 (10) 8 (12) 3 (6) 0 (0)
missing data 3 3
Preparation and administration time
Short time 0 (0) 6 (9) 0 (0) 3 (25) χ2: p = 009
Medium time 21 (70) 30 (46) 24 (62) 3 (25)
Long time 9 (30) 29 (45) 15 (38) 6 (50)
missing data 3 6 9 9
Divided dose
No divided dose 30 (91) 65 (92) 48 (100) 21 (100) F: p = 07
Use divided dose 3 (9) 6 (8) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Food/drink
No food/drink 24 (73) 65 (92) 42 (88) 18 (86) χ2: p = 08
Use food/drink 9 (27) 6 (8) 6 (12) 3 (14)
Alteration
No alteration 33 (100) 71 (100) 48 (100) 21 (100)
Use alteration 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Extra device
No extra device 12 (36) 30 (42) 18 (38) 18 (86) χ2: p < 001
Use device
not provided
21 (64) 41 (58) 30 (62) 3 (14)
Reward
No reward 33 (100) 71 (100) 48 (100) 21 (100)
Use reward 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Restraint
No restraint 33 (100) 68 (96) 48 (100) 21 (100) F: p = 45
Use restraint 0 (0) 3 (4) 0 (0) 0 (0)

a n (%): number and percentages; b F: Fisher’s Exact Test; c χ2: Pearson’s Chi-squared Test.