Table 1.
Anthropometric, body composition, and fitness characteristics of the sample.
| Variable | Table Tennis | Physically Active | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | |||||
| M ± SD | Range | M ± SD | Range | M ± SD | Range | M ± SD | Range | |
| Anthropometry | ||||||||
| Height (m) | 1.44 ± 0.06 | 1.31–1.57 | 1.45 ± 0.09 | 1.23–1.69 | 1.40 ± 0.08 | 1.22–1.56 | 1.39 ± 0.08 | 1.20–1.56 |
| Weight (kg) | 37.1 ± 6.0 | 26.4–53.1 | 37.4 ± 7.4 | 23.2–56.6 | 36.4 ± 9.2 | 21.0–62.0 | 37.1 ± 9.4 | 22.0–64.0 |
| BMI (kg·m−2) | 17.8 ± 2.1 | 14.6–23.7 | 17.7 ± 2.2 | 13.2–22.7 | 18.5 ± 3.6 | 13.1–32.0 | 18.9 ± 3.4 | 12.3–29.7 |
| Skinfolds | ||||||||
| Biceps (mm) | 6.8 ± 2.9 | 2.4–15.2 | 7.4 ± 3.7 | 3.0–17.2 | 6.7 ± 3.8 | 1.0–18.2 | 7.7 ± 3.5 | 2.4–20.4 |
| Triceps (mm) | 12.9 ± 4.5 | 5.0–26.0 | 14.2 ± 4.9 | 8.0–27.0 | 12.9 ± 5.7 | 4.0–28.0 | 14.8 ± 5.0 | 5.0–27.0 |
| Subscapular (mm) | 8.1 ± 3.1 | 3.6–16.3 | 9.5 ± 5.0 | 4.0–23.8 | 8.51 ± 5.9 | 3.2–29.0 | 9.7 ± 4.9 | 3.6–26.0 |
| Suprailiac (mm) | 7.9 ± 3.7 | 30.0–21.1 | 8.7 ± 4.4 | 3.0–24.7 | 7.4 ± 4.9 | 1.6–24.6 | 8.9 ± 4.9 | 2.8–24.4 |
| Abdominal (mm) | 12.9 ± 7.3 | 3.9–33.3 | 13.3 ± 6.5 | 4.3–31.6 | 12.6 ± 8.5 | 3.4–36.4 | 14.9 ± 7.7 | 3.2–37.2 |
| Thigh (mm) | 21.0 ± 7.3 | 6.0–39.0 | 20.9 ± 6.4 | 10.0–42.0 | 18.4 ± 8.5 | 4.0–43.0 | 22.1 ± 7.0 | 7.0–39.0 |
| Medial calf (mm) | 14.1 ± 5.5 | 5.2–29.6 | 14.5 ± 5.6 | 7.2–38.8 | 13.8 ± 7.4 | 3.0–38.0 | 16.9 ± 6.0 | 5.0–30.0 |
| ∑6 skinfolds (mm) | 76.9 ± 28.6 | 31.1–140.1 | 81.2 ± 29.7 | 46.5–163.0 | 73.7 ± 38.8 | 22.4–177.8 | 87.3 ± 32.4 | 32.6–169.6 |
| ∑trunk skinfolds (mm) | 28.9 ± 13.3 | 12.7–64.1 | 31.6 ± 15.1 | 13.9–72.4 | 28.6 ± 18.6 | 10.2–86.6 | 33.5 ± 16.9 | 9.6–79.6 |
| Perimeters | ||||||||
| Arm relaxed (cm) | 22.2 ± 2.3 | 19.0–27.0 | 22.4 ± 2.5 | 17.6–28.0 | 22.4 ± 2.5 | 17.6–28.0 | 22.9 ± 3.1 | 16.8–30.6 |
| Calf (cm) | 29.9 ± 2.6 | 24.0–35.4 | 30.2 ± 2.9 | 22.6–37.0 | 29.1 ± 3.5 | 22.5–37.2 | 29.6 ± 3.5 | 21.4–37.5 |
| Bone diameters | ||||||||
| Wrist (mm) | 4.7 ± 0.3 | 4.0–5.5 | 4.6 ± 0.3 | 3.8–5.5 | 4.5 ± 0.2 | 3.7–5.2 | 4.4 ± 0.3 | 3.9–5.9 |
| Femur (mm) | 8.8 ± 0.5 | 7.8–10.0 | 8.4 ± 0.4 | 7.4–9.5 | 8.3 ± 0.6 | 5.5–9.8 | 8.1 ± 0.5 | 5.4–9.8 |
| Humerus (mm) | 5.7 ± 0.4 | 4.8–8.7 | 5.6 ± 0.3 | 4.9–6.6 | 5.6 ± 0.4 | 4.6–6.7 | 5.5 ± 0.3 | 4.7–6.8 |
| Body composition | ||||||||
| Muscular (kg) | 16.2 ± 2.4 | 11.7–23.8 | 15.7 ± 2.8 | 9.8–22.3 | 16.3 ± 3.7 | 9.1–27.3 | 15.9 ± 3.6 | 10.1–26.5 |
| Fat (kg) | 4.6 ± 1.7 | 2.4–9.4 | 6.8 ± 2.7 | 3.1–16.1 | 4.7 ± 2.7 | 1.7–13.5 | 7.1 ± 3.4 | 2.9–19.3 |
| Bone (kg) | 7.3 ± 0.9 | 5.5–9.8 | 7.1 ± 1.1 | 5.1–10.7 | 6.6 ± 1.0 | 4.2–8.9 | 6.3 ± 1.0 | 3.9–9.3 |
| Muscular (%) | 43.8 ± 1.9 | 39.2–47.5 | 42.3 ± 2.9 | 32.9–46.7 | 45.0 ± 2.2 | 38.9–52.6 | 43.3 ± 3.0 | 34.4–51.7 |
| Fat (%) | 12.2 ± 2.6 | 8.8–18.1 | 17.7 ± 4.1 | 13.0–28.5 | 12.1 ± 3.7 | 8.1–22.6 | 18.2 ± 4.5 | 11.1–30.2 |
| Bone (%) | 16.2 ± 2.4 | 11.7–23.8 | 15.7 ± 2.8 | 9.8–22.3 | 16.3 ± 3.7 | 9.1–27.3 | 15.9 ± 3.6 | 10.1–26.5 |
| Somatotype | ||||||||
| Endomorph | 3.1 ± 1.2 | 0.9–5.9 | 3.4 ± 1.4 | 1.6–7.0 | 3.4 ± 1.7 | 0.9–8.1 | 4.0 ± 1.5 | 1.3–7.1 |
| Mesomorph | 4.3 ± 1.2 | 0.6–6.8 | 4.0 ± 1.1 | 1.0–6.6 | 4.5 ± 1.2 | 2.0–8.5 | 4.4 ± 1.0 | 1.6–6.8 |
| Ectomorph | 3.2 ± 1.2 | 0.7–6.0 | 3.3 ± 1.4 | 0.2–7.7 | 2.6 ± 1.4 | 0.1–5.7 | 2.3 ± 1.5 | 0.1–7.0 |
| Physical fitness | ||||||||
| VO2max (mL·kg−1·min−1) | 47.8 ± 3.4 | 39.6–56.9 | 45.5 ± 2.7 | 39.6–54.4 | 46.6 ± 3.7 | 38.8–54.9 | 44.3 ± 3.5 | 34.7–51.1 |
| VO2max (L·min−1) | 1.77 ± 0.29 | 1.18–2.84 | 1.70 ± 0.35 | 1.01–2.54 | 1.67 ± 0.37 | 0.87–2.72 | 1.62 ± 0.35 | 0.85–2.45 |
| Low-back ROM (cm) | 16.2 ± 4.8 | 7.0–30.0 | 20.7 ± 7.0 | 5.0–38.0 | 16.7 ± 5.8 | 3.0–37.0 | 18.7 ± 5.5 | 3.0–32.0 |
| Handgrip strength (kg) | 18.7 ± 3.5 | 9.1–27.8 | 17.1 ± 2.8 | 11.0–22.8 | 17.1 ± 3.7 | 10.5–27.0 | 15.4 ± 3.9 | 8.0–28.5 |
BMI: body mass index. VO2max: maximal oxygen consumption. ROM: range of motion.