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PICOS criteria for the inclusion of studies in the systematic review.
| Parameter | Inclusion Criteria |
|---|---|
| Population | Adult athletes |
| Intervention | Caffeine supplementation |
| Comparators | Placebo supplementation |
| Outcomes | Variables related to cognitive performance in sports, including reaction time, memory, focus, concentration, alertness, fatigue, motivation, and attention |
| Study design | Double-blind/single-blind and randomized cross-over design |
