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. 2021 Feb 28;13(3):803. doi: 10.3390/nu13030803

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Summary of the molecular mechanisms reported in recent literature potentially mediating the beneficial effects of methylxanthines in respect to multiple sclerosis. Ac = Acetylation, eEF1A1 = eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1, HDAC2 = histone deacetylase 2, SOX10 = SRY-box transcription factor 10, MBP = myelin basic protein, ROS = reactive oxygen species, SOD1 = superoxide dismutase 1, c-Rel = proto-oncogene c-Rel, NSC = neuronal stem cells, PI3Kδ = phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase delta.