Table 1.
The Characteristics of CURB-65 and PSI in Community-Acquired Pneumonia Inpatients with Different Clinical Outcomes
| Variables | All (N=2365) | Non-Diabetes Group (N=1834) | Type 2 Diabetes Group (N=531) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival (N=2238) | Death (N=127) | P | Survival (N=1754) | Death (N=80) | P | Survival (N=484) | Death (N=47) | P | |
| CURB-65 | |||||||||
| Age≥65 years[n(%)] | 1338(59.8) | 106(83.5) | <0.001 | 996(56.8) | 66(82.5) | <0.001 | 342(70.7) | 40(85.1) | 0.035 |
| Confusion[n(%)] | 189(8.4) | 35(27.6) | <0.001 | 136(7.8) | 25(31.3) | <0.001 | 53(11.0) | 10(21.3) | 0.037 |
| Urea>7mmol/L[n(%)] | 674(30.1) | 79(62.2) | <0.001 | 482(27.5) | 49(61.3) | <0.001 | 192(39.7) | 30(63.8) | 0.001 |
| Respiratory rate≥30/min[n(%)] | 88(3.9) | 16(12.6) | <0.001 | 69(3.9) | 10(12.5) | 0.001 | 19(3.9) | 6(12.8) | 0.018 |
| Low BP(SBP<90 or DBP<60mmHg)[n(%)] | 244(10.9) | 32(25.2) | <0.001 | 190(10.8) | 25(31.3) | <0.001 | 54(11.2) | 7(14.9) | 0.443 |
| CURB-65 Score | 1(0～2) | 2(1～3) | <0.001 | 1(0～2) | 2(1～3) | <0.001 | 1(1～2)$ | 2(1～3) | <0.001 |
| CRB-65 Score | 1(0～1) | 1(1～2) | <0.001 | 1(0～1) | 1(1～2) | <0.001 | 1(1～1)$ | 1(1～2) | <0.001 |
| PSI | |||||||||
| Age* | 65.0(51.0～75.0) | 73.0(65.0～82.0) | <0.001 | 64.0(48.0～75.0) | 74.5(65.0～81.8) | <0.001 | 67.0(59.0～76.0)$ | 72.0(66.0～82.0) | 0.008 |
| Neoplastic disease[n(%)] | 117(5.2) | 24(18.9) | <0.001 | 95(5.4) | 19(23.8) | <0.001 | 22(4.5) | 5(10.6) | 0.142 |
| Liver disease[n(%)] | 111(5.0) | 2(1.6) | 0.082 | 81(4.6) | 1(1.3) | 0.251 | 30(6.2) | 1(2.1) | 0.418 |
| Congestive heart failure[n(%)] | 277(12.4) | 36(28.3) | <0.001 | 190(10.8) | 18(22.5) | 0.001 | 87(18.0) | 18(38.3) | 0.001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease[n(%)] | 417(18.6) | 33(26.0) | 0.040 | 271(15.5) | 17(21.3) | 0.163 | 146(30.2) | 16(34.0) | 0.582 |
| Renal disease[n(%)] | 180(8.0) | 21(16.5) | 0.001 | 115(6.6) | 8(10.0) | 0.229 | 65(13.4) | 13(27.7) | 0.009 |
| Altered mental status[n(%)] | 189(8.4) | 35(27.6) | <0.001 | 136(7.8) | 25(31.3) | <0.001 | 53(11.0) | 10(21.3) | 0.037 |
| Respiratory rate≥30/min[n(%)] | 88(3.9) | 16(12.6) | <0.001 | 69(3.9) | 10(12.5) | 0.001 | 19(3.9) | 6(12.8) | 0.018 |
| SBP<90mmHg[n(%)] | 42(1.9) | 12(9.4) | <0.001 | 34(1.9) | 10(12.5) | <0.001 | 8(1.7) | 2(4.3) | 0.219# |
| Temperature<35°C or ≥40°C[n(%)] | 2(0.1) | 0(0.0) | 1.000# | 1(0.1) | 0(0.0) | 1.000# | 1(0.2) | 0(0.0) | 1.000# |
| Pulse≥125/min[n(%)] | 71(3.2) | 25(19.7) | <0.001 | 52(3.0) | 16(20.0) | <0.001 | 19(3.9) | 9(19.1) | <0.001 |
| Arterial pH<7.35[n(%)] | 16(0.7) | 8(6.3) | <0.001 | 10(0.6) | 6(7.5) | <0.001# | 6(1.2) | 2(4.3) | 0.152# |
| Urea≥11mmol/L[n(%)] | 247(11.0) | 51(40.2) | <0.001 | 164(9.4) | 29(36.3) | <0.001 | 83(17.1) | 22(46.8) | <0.001 |
| Sodium<130mmol/L[n(%)] | 146(6.5) | 16(12.6) | 0.008 | 98(5.6) | 9(11.3) | 0.062 | 48(9.9) | 7(14.9) | 0.413 |
| Glucose≥14mmol/L[n(%)] | 115(5.1) | 15(11.8) | 0.001 | 22(1.3) | 1(1.3) | 1.000 | 93(19.2) | 14(29.8) | 0.085 |
| Hematocrit<30%[n(%)] | 300(13.4) | 39(30.7) | <0.001 | 213(12.1) | 30(37.5) | <0.001 | 87(18.0) | 9(19.1) | 0.842 |
| PaO2<60mmHg or SaO2<90%[n(%)] | 54(2.4) | 11(8.7) | <0.001 | 33(1.9) | 8(10.0) | <0.001 | 21(4.3) | 3(6.4) | 0.782 |
| Pleural effusion[n(%)] | 947(42.3) | 77(60.6) | <0.001 | 718(40.9) | 50(62.5) | <0.001 | 229(47.3) | 27(57.4) | 0.184 |
| PSI Score | 80.0(59.0～102.0) | 122.0(100.0～142.0) | <0.001 | 76.0(55.0～98.0) | 118.5(98.5～144.0) | <0.001 | 91.0(72.0～112.0)$ | 125.0(101.0～141.0) | <0.001 |
Notes: *The patient’s age in years (age minus 10 for females). #Fisher’s exact test. Numerical data were not normally distributed, they were expressed as medians (IQR). Comparisons were conducted between groups using the Mann–Whitney U-test. $Compared with Non-diabetes survival group P<0.001.
Abbreviations: PSI, pneumonia severity index; BP, blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; IQR, interquartile range.