Figure 1.

Tart cherry prevents the keratinocyte apoptosis induced by fine particulate matter (PM₁₀). (A) Time-dependent response of PM₁₀ (100 μg/mL) on cytotoxicity was determined by EZ-CYTOX assay. Data are represented as the means ± S.E. * p ≤ 0.05 vs. 0 h. (B) Cells treated with PM₁₀ (0–200 μg/mL) for 24 h. Data are represented as the means ± S.E. n = 3. * p ≤ 0.05 vs. control. (C) Cells co-treated with tart cherry and PM₁₀ for 24 h. Data are represented as the means ± S.E. n = 3. * p ≤ 0.01 vs. control. # p ≤ 0.01 vs. PM₁₀ alone. (D) Cells incubated with tart cherry and PM₁₀ for 24 h. Live and dead cells were determined by the live/dead assay kit. Data are represented as the means ± S.E. n = 3. * p ≤ 0.001 vs. control. # p ≤ 0.05 vs. PM₁₀ alone.