The effects of MSC transplantation on motor and sensory function in human SCI participants. (A) There were significant increases in ASIA motor scores, ASIA light touch scores and ASIA pin prick scores following MSC transplantation in all human participants who had been administered with cells. Data shown as box and whisker plots from 10 studies for ASIA motor score (n = 129 patients) and nine studies for ASIA light touch/pin prick scores (n = 119 patients). *** p < 0.001, Mann–Whitney U tests (B). In those human studies with a control arm, there was a significant increase in ASIA motor scores in the MSC treatment group compared with the control group. A forest plot is shown of standardised mean differences; SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance; CI, confidence interval. Heterogeneity was determined by Chi2 and I2 tests, whilst a z test determined overall effect size.