ACE |
angiotensin-converting enzyme |
Ang II |
angiotensin II |
ARE |
antioxidant response element |
ATR |
angiotensin receptor |
BHRs |
borderline hypertensive rats |
CAT |
catalase |
COVID-19 |
coronavirus disease |
COX |
cyclooxygenase |
CVDs |
cardiovascular diseases |
DOCA |
deoxycorticosterone acetate |
EC |
(−)-epicatechin |
EDCFs |
endothelium-derived contracting factors |
eNOS |
endothelial NO synthase activity |
GPx |
glutathione peroxidase |
HO-1 |
hemoxygenase-1 |
HUVEC |
human umbilical veins endothelial cells |
IL |
interleukin |
IUPAC |
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry |
Keap1 |
Kelch-like ECH-associating protein 1 |
L-NAME |
NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester |
MAPK |
mitogen-activated protein kinase |
Mpro
|
main protease |
NAD(P)H |
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate |
NEP |
neutral endopeptidase |
NF-κB |
nuclear factor-κB |
NLRP3 |
nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-, leucine-rich repeat- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 |
NLRC4 |
neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP)/NLR family caspase activation and recruitment domain–containing protein 4 |
NO |
nitric oxide |
NODH |
NO-deficient hypertension |
eNOS |
endothelial nitric oxide synthase |
iNOS |
inducible nitric oxide synthase |
NOS |
nitric oxide synthase |
NOX |
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase |
Nrf2 |
nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 |
PI3K/Akt/PKA |
phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/protein kinase A |
RAS |
renin-angiotensin system |
ROS |
reactive oxygen species |
SARS-CoV-2 |
severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 |
SHRs |
spontaneously hypertensive rats |
SOD |
superoxide dismutase |
SNS |
sympathetic nervous system |
TNFα |
tumor necrosis factor α |
TX |
(+)-taxifolin, (−)-taxifolin or their racemic mixture |
XO |
xanthine oxidase |