Figure 1.

Schematic representation of PSMA molecular structure. PSMA inhibitors (PSMAi) expolit glutamate carboxypeptidase enzymatic activity of the extracellular domain of PSMA and can be labeled either with positron-emitting nuclides (e.g., ⁶⁸Ga, ⁶⁴Cu, ¹⁸F) for imaging or with beta/alpha emitting radioisotopes (e.g., ¹⁷⁷Lu, ²¹³Bi, ²²⁵Ac) for radionuclide therapy. Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) have also been developed: ¹¹¹In-capromab is directed towards the intracellular PSMA domain and is utilized for scintigraphic imaging, ⁸⁹Zr-DFO-J591 targets the extracellular portion of PSMA and is suitable for PET imaging (figure created with Biorender.com (accessed on 8 March 2021)).