Table 2.
Rumen fermentation profile of Holstein Friesian cows fed with different diet ratio.
| Parameters | Treatments 1 | SEM 2 | p-Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HF-1 | HC-1 | HC-2 | HF-2 | |||
| pH | 6.87 a | 5.58 b | 5.41 b | 6.89 a | 0.098 | <0.001 |
| NH3-N (mg/dL) | 4.88 b | 10.99 a | 11.37 a | 5.04 b | 0.896 | <0.001 |
| Total VFA (mmol/L) | 92.39 b | 154.59 a | 149.33 a | 85.28 b | 7.577 | <0.001 |
| VFA (mmol/L) | ||||||
| Acetate | 70.12 b,c | 95.25 a | 86.10 a,b | 61.05 c | 6.072 | 0.010 |
| Propionate | 14.92 b | 39.73 a | 40.15 a | 15.76 b | 5.038 | 0.001 |
| Butyrate | 7.36 b | 19.60 a | 23.08 a | 8.47 b | 1.188 | <0.001 |
| A/P ratio | 4.73 a | 2.70 b,c | 2.25 c | 4.04 a,b | 0.437 | 0.001 |
1 Treatments: HF-1 (high-forage diet); HC-1 (high-concentrate diet); HC-2 (high-concentrate diet); HF-2 (high-forage diet). a–c Means with different superscripts in a row differ significantly (p < 0.05). 2 SEM: standard error of the mean. VFA, volatile fatty acid; A/P, acetate to propionate ratio.