Table 1.
Participant characteristics and mean scores of nutrient intake (n = 56).
| Mean | ± | SD | (Min | – | Max) | Median | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 59.3 | ± | 19.4 | 20 | – | 80 | 67.5 | |
| Body mass index | 23.4 | ± | 3.9 | 15.5 | – | 32.9 | 23.8 | |
| Nutrients | ||||||||
| Energy intake | (kcal/day) | 2057.5 | ± | 587.4 | 858.9 | – | 3564.9 | 1946.5 |
| Protein (PRT) | (g/1000 kcal) | 38.5 | ± | 7.4 | 20.3 | – | 54.6 | 37.3 |
| Fat (FAT) | (g/1000 kcal) | 30.2 | ± | 6.6 | 18.5 | – | 46.1 | 30.2 |
| Saturated Fatty Acid (SFA) | (g/1000 kcal) | 7.9 | ± | 2.1 | 4.6 | – | 14.0 | 7.6 |
| Carbohydrates (CHO) | (g/1000 kcal) | 133.9 | ± | 19.7 | 94.7 | – | 172.0 | 135.3 |
| Total Dietary Fiber (TDF) | (g/1000 kcal) | 6.7 | ± | 1.8 | 2.5 | – | 10.2 | 6.8 |
| Sodium (Na) | (mg/1000 kcal) | 2307.0 | ± | 479.2 | 1300.8 | – | 3630.0 | 2271.6 |
| Potassium (K) | (mg/1000 kcal) | 1459.7 | ± | 429.4 | 564.2 | – | 2307.9 | 1412.4 |
| Calcium (Ca) | (mg/1000 kcal) | 319.4 | ± | 122.5 | 91.9 | – | 625.7 | 310.7 |
| Iron (Fe) | (mg/1000 kcal) | 4.5 | ± | 1.1 | 2.2 | – | 6.7 | 4.7 |
| Retinol equivalent (RTE) | (µg/1000 kcal) | 434.9 | ± | 197.6 | 98.2 | – | 907.4 | 390.2 |
| Vitamin D (VD) | (µg/1000 kcal) | 7.7 | ± | 4.6 | 0.2 | – | 23.2 | 6.6 |
| Alpha-tocopherol (ATC) | (µg/1000 kcal) | 4.2 | ± | 1.2 | 2.1 | – | 8.1 | 4.3 |
| Vitamin K (VK) | (µg/1000 kcal) | 192.1 | ± | 91.7 | 33.9 | – | 441.9 | 189.9 |
| Vitamin B1 (VB1) | (mg/1000 kcal) | 0.4 | ± | 0.1 | 0.2 | – | 0.7 | 0.4 |
| Vitamin B2 (VB2) | (mg/1000 kcal) | 0.7 | ± | 0.2 | 0.3 | – | 1.3 | 0.7 |
| Vitamin B6 (VB6) | (mg/1000 kcal) | 0.7 | ± | 0.2 | 0.3 | – | 1.6 | 0.7 |
| Vitamin B12 (VB12) | (µg/1000 kcal) | 4.9 | ± | 2.6 | 0.3 | – | 14.2 | 4.3 |
| Vitamin C (VC) | (mg/1000 kcal) | 64.6 | ± | 28.1 | 17.6 | – | 151.3 | 60.2 |
The nutrient intake scores were calculated from the results of a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. SD: standard deviation.