| Algorithm 1. The proposed scheme: The combination of the SVAL algorithm and adaptive neural-fuzzy structure with CNN. | |
| 1: |
Signal Modeling Approximate the bearing function from normal vibration signal using autoregressive technique. (1,2) |
| 2: | Improve the robustness of autoregressive technique by combining autoregressive algorithm with the Laguerre filter. (3,4) |
| 3: | Increase the accuracy and nonlinearity of Equation (3) using support vector autoregressive–Laguerre (SVAL). (13,14) |
| 4: |
Signal Estimation ASignal estimation using the combination of the SVAL algorithm and variable structure technique. (15,16) |
| 5: | Reduce the chattering of variable structure technique using the combination of the SVAL algorithm and high-order variable structure technique. (19,20) |
| 6: | Increase the stability and accuracy of high-order variable structure technique using the combination of the SVAL algorithm and adaptive neural-fuzzy structure (proposed method). (27,28) |
| Fault Decision | |
| 7: | Generate the residual signal. (31) |
| 8: | Resample the residual signals. |
| 9: | Fault pattern recognition and crack size identification using 1D-CNN. (32) |