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. 2021 Mar 17;22(6):3055. doi: 10.3390/ijms22063055

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The roles of Factor XIII in wound healing. During injury, FXIII-A enhances platelet adhesion to the injured endothelium through an integrin-dependent mechanism. Activated FXIII (FXIIIa) mediates the cross-linking of fibrin and promotes clot retraction. FXIII-A enhances invasion of monocytes/macrophages and phagocytosis of cell debris and pathogens. FXIII-A promotes crosslinking of extracellular matrix (ECM) and reduces vascular permeability. FXIIIa binds α_vβ₃ and promotes cross-linking to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and downregulates thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). Adapted from the work in [133].