a	shape vector multiplier
acop	a parameter that defines the slope of the crack opening path
fcr	concrete crack stress
Ec	modulus of elasticity of concrete
G	concrete shear modulus
N	concrete normal strength
V	concrete shear strength
β′	dowel action shear retention factor
εcr	concrete crack strain
eε	effective concrete crack strain
eε1	effective concrete crack strain in the 1 direction
eε2	effective concrete crack strain in the 2 direction
eεAcr	effective concrete crack strain at Point A
ε1	concrete crack strain in the 1 direction
ε2	concrete crack strain in the 2 direction
γ12	shear strain
γ12, prev	previously converged shear strain
µ′	friction coefficient defined relative to the crack opening path
µup	friction coefficient defined relative to crack surface in the upslope direction
µdown	friction coefficient defined relative to crack surface in the downslope direction
σ1	concrete stress in the 1 direction
σ2	concrete stress in the 2 direction
σxy, prev	previously converged concrete stress in the x direction
τ12	shear stress
τa12	minimum shear stress
τb12	outside upper limit shear stress
τc12	maximum shear stress
τ12, prev	previously converged shear stress
A	global actions or forces
S	global stiffness matrix
D	nodal displacements
$Ã$,$\tilde{\mathrm{B}}$	shape vectors