| AAAV | Avian Adeno-Associated Virus |
| AIVs | Avian Influenza Viruses |
| A ALV | Avian Leukosis Virus |
| ALV-J | Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroup J |
| ASF | African Swine Fever |
| BCL-2 | B-Cell Lymphoma 2 |
| BMECs | bovine mammary epithelial cells |
| BVD | Bovine Viral Diarrhea |
| BVD | Bovine viral diarrhea |
| BVDV | BVD virus |
| CCNE1 | Cyclin E |
| CLCF1 | Cardiotrophin Like Cytokine Factor 1 |
| CMT | California mastitis test |
| DE | differentially expressed |
| DIAP1 | Drosophila Inhibitor Of Apoptosis Protein 1 |
| DLG5 | Discs Large MAGUK Scaffold Protein 5 |
| DOAJ | Directory Of Open Access Journals |
| ELK1 | ETS-Like Gene 1 |
| ENTV | Enzootic Nasal Tumor Virus |
| FMD | foot and mouth disease |
| FMDV | FMD virus |
| GaHV-2 | Gallid Herpesvirus 2 |
| hpi | hours post-infection |
| Hsp70 | Heat Shock Protein Family A |
| IBDV | Infectious Bursal Disease Virus |
| IC | ileum control |
| IFN-α | type I interferon |
| IFN-β | beta interferon |
| IL7R | Interleukin 7 Receptor |
| IR | ileum resistant |
| IRAK1 | interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 |
| IRAK2 | Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinase 2 |
| IRF1 | Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 |
| IS | ileum susceptible |
| JAK1 | Janus kinase 1 |
| JD | Johne’s disease |
| KLF4 | Krüppel-like factor 4 |
| LD | Linear Dichroism |
| LS | low Salmonella shedding |
| MAP | M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis |
| MAPK | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase |
| MDA5 | Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5 |
| MDPI | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| MDV | Marek’s Disease Virus |
| MHC | Major Histocompatibility Complex |
| miRNA-Seq | miRNA sequencing |
| ncRNAs | Non-Coding Rnas |
| NFAT5 | Nuclear Factor Of Activated T-Cells 5 |
| NFATC4 | Nuclear Factor Of Activated T Cells 4 |
| NFIA | nuclear factor IA |
| NF-kappaB | nuclear factor-kappa B |
| NGS | Next-Generation Sequencing |
| NPEPPS | Aminopeptidase Puromycin Sensitive |
| ORF4 | open reading frame 4 |
| P.I. | Post-Infection |
| PCR | Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| PCV2 | Porcine circovirus type 2 |
| PDCD4 | Programmed Cell Death 4 Gene |
| PID | Post-Infection Day |
| PPR | Peste Des Petits Ruminants |
| PPRV | PPR Virus |
| PRRS | Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome |
| PRRSV | Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus |
| PS | persistent Salmonella shedding |
| REV | Reticuloendotheliosis Virus |
| RXRB | retinoid X receptor β |
| SOCS5 | Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 5 |
| SRP14 | signal recognition particle 14 |
| TGS | Third-Generation Sequencing |
| TLA | Three-Letter Acronym |
| VP1 | Virus Protein |
| YAP1 | Targeting and Repressing Yes-Associated Protein 1 |