Table 1.

Description of the 43 studies included in the review.

		Number of Studies	% of Included Studies
Methodology	Cross sectional	40	93
	Longitudinal	3	7
Finding	Prevalence	17	40
	Factors	42	98
	Mental health	10	23
	Cross-cultural study	1	2
Location	North America	34	79
	South America	1	2
	Europe	4	9
	Asia	3	7
	United States and China	1	2
Setting	Elementary school	1	2
	Secondary school	38	88
	Elementary and secondary school	4	9
Publication year	2004–2016	13	30
	2016–2020	30	70
Informants	Only self-reports	43	100
Measure	Single item	25	58
	Multiple items	18	42
Response	4-point Likert scale	23	53
	5-point Likert scale	16	37
	3-point Likert scale	1	2
Methodology	Dichotomous answer categories	4	9