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. 2021 Mar 17;13(3):497. doi: 10.3390/v13030497

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) family members in humans. (A) Members of the APOBEC family contain either one or two cytidine deaminase (CD) domains. Even though all CD domains contain the canonical Zn-center motif of H-[P/A/V]-E-X[23–28]-P-C-X2-4-C (x is any amino acid), some are catalytically active (indicated by a red star), and some are catalytically inactive (yellow star). Summary of the characterized biological functions of different members are shown on the right side. (B) The APOBEC2 (A2) core structure (PDBid 2nyt, containing residue 40–224)) showing the typical APOBEC core CD fold, which contains a five-stranded beta-sheet and six alpha-helices. Inset shows the highly conserved 3D arrangement of the Zn-center among all APOBECs.