Table 3.

The differently expressed genes (DEGs) list as related to defense, photosynthesis, and ROS of cowpeas exposed to different dose rates of gamma-rays and proton-beams.

Category		Gene ID	E-Value	Identity	ID	Log2 Fold Change						Arabi-Defline *
						G 100 Gy	G 200 Gy	G 300 Gy	P 100 Gy	P 200 Gy	P 300 Gy
Defense	calcium transporters	Vigun05g102200	7 × 10−165	73.02	AT3G51860	−0.40	0.13	0.24	0.97	1.10	0.93	cation exchanger 3
	calcium transporters	Vigun06g076000	1 × 10−135	64.37	AT3G51860	1.00	0.85	1.07	0.56	1.09	1.24	cation exchanger 1
	calcium transporters	Vigun08g119600	3 × 10−130	70.66	AT3G51860	0.97	0.84	1.04	0.26	0.99	1.18	cation exchanger 1
	chitinases	Vigun11g168800	8 × 10−85	53.46	AT2G43590	−0.60	−0.68	−0.90	−0.27	−1.10	−1.13	homolog of carrot EP3-3 chitinase
	ER-folding	Vigun05g013700	0	66.12	AT5G28540	0.03	0.22	0.15	0.39	0.45	1.10	heat shock cognate protein 70-1
	ER-folding	Vigun05g054000	0	75.64	AT1G08450	0.00	0.33	0.37	0.75	0.68	1.06	calreticulin 3
	ER-folding	Vigun06g184800	0	56.63	AT5G42020	0.31	0.35	0.03	0.85	0.62	1.19	heat shock protein 70B
	MAPK cascade linked to PAMP defense/innate immunity	Vigun05g118000	8 × 10−17	56.14	AT4G23550	0.23	0.32	0.77	−0.02	1.07	0.64	WRKY DNA-binding protein 49
	CALRETICULIN 3	Vigun05g054000	0	75.64	AT1G08450	0.00	0.33	0.37	0.75	0.68	1.06	calreticulin 3
	PR2	Vigun01g111100	1 × 10−126	54.47	AT3G57260	1.01	1.49	0.98	0.22	0.56	1.47	beta-1,3-glucanase 1
	PR2	Vigun01g111300	4 × 10−102	56.49	AT3G57260	1.24	1.70	1.29	0.31	0.61	1.57	beta-1,3-glucanase 1
	PR2	Vigun11g037800	4 × 10−103	52.38	AT3G57260	−0.30	−0.70	−0.45	−0.34	−0.57	−1.34	Glycosyl hydrolase superfamily protein
	PRXCA	Vigun06g141200	4 × 10−111	54.06	AT3G49110	0.19	0.77	0.30	0.36	0.20	1.54	Peroxidase superfamily protein
Photosynthesis	Photosynthesis	Vigun01g147100	7 × 10−94	93.62	vra:106758006	−0.32	−0.05	0.79	0.29	2.42	0.70	photosystem II reaction center PSB28 protein
	Photosynthesis	Vigun11g069900	2 × 10−96	70.93	vra:106761818	0.52	0.75	0.46	0.14	1.19	0.66	photosystem II reaction center protein A
	Photosynthesis—antenna proteins	Vigun01g226400	1 × 10−159	93.55	vra:106758023	−0.25	0.13	1.10	0.68	2.46	1.21	light harvesting complex photosystem II
	Photosynthesis—antenna proteins	Vigun09g238500	2 × 10−157	96.59	vra:106761217	−0.05	0.19	0.30	0.18	1.08	0.20	photosystem I light harvesting complex gene 5
	Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms	Vigun02g098200	0	99.24	vra:106777824	−0.11	0.07	0.14	0.45	1.03	0.29	phosphoribulokinase
	Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms	Vigun04g097100	4 × 10−116	86.26	vra:106773825	−0.06	0.04	0.28	0.37	1.25	0.43	Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (small chain) family protein
	Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms	Vigun07g217500	3 × 10−113	50.74	vra:106754509	−0.29	0.03	0.17	0.43	1.10	0.32	Inositol monophosphatase family protein
	Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms	Vigun07g291200	0	97.37	vra:106772090	0.04	0.30	0.21	0.23	0.96	0.40	Transketolase
	Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms	Vigun11g181300	3 × 10−134	57.67	vra:106757953	−0.02	0.05	0.31	0.12	1.13	0.21	fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 2
	Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms	VigunL056600	3 × 10−100	87.35	vra:106779100	0.21	0.47	0.34	0.05	1.13	0.69	ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylases
ROS	ROS breakdown	Vigun01g050200	3 × 10−94	62.96	AT1G17180	0.01	0.13	0.19	0.81	0.53	1.28	glutathione S-transferase TAU 19
	ROS breakdown	Vigun01g050300	7 × 10−96	60.38	AT1G17180	−0.01	0.15	−0.10	0.89	0.49	1.36	glutathione S-transferase TAU 19
	ROS breakdown	Vigun01g058300	1 × 10−93	63.43	AT1G17180	0.01	0.13	0.19	0.81	0.53	1.29	glutathione S-transferase TAU 19
	ROS breakdown	Vigun05g112200	6 × 10−69	52.68	AT3G09270	0.09	0.55	0.27	0.68	0.65	1.22	glutathione S-transferase TAU 8
	ROS breakdown	Vigun05g177100	2 × 10−149	57.67	AT1G17020	0.48	1.00	0.79	0.07	0.28	1.13	senescence-related gene 1
	ROS induced genes	Vigun01g102600	0	53.37	AT5G48570	0.15	0.59	0.89	0.48	1.50	0.77	FKBP-type peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase family protein
	ROS induced genes	Vigun06g052000	2 × 10−117	54.28	AT5G55050	0.29	0.52	0.77	0.74	0.86	1.54	GDSL-like Lipase/Acylhydrolase superfamily protein
	ROS induced genes	Vigun11g168800	1 × 10−68	52.61	AT2G43570	−0.60	−0.68	−0.90	−0.27	−1.10	−1.13	homolog of carrot EP3-3 chitinase
	ROS induced genes, ROS transport to apoplast	Vigun06g224100	1 × 10−127	58.65	AT5G64120	3.01	3.30	2.72	−0.64	1.79	1.98	Peroxidase superfamily protein
	ROS production	Vigun06g141200	2 × 10−110	54.06	AT3G49110	0.19	0.77	0.30	0.36	0.20	1.54	Peroxidase superfamily protein
	ROS production	Vigun07g235300	4 × 10−78	63.69	AT2G26400	−0.16	0.02	0.22	0.72	1.16	0.70	RmlC-like cupins superfamily protein
	ROS production	Vigun09g130300	6 × 10−175	77.59	AT5G05340	0.19	0.58	0.32	0.32	0.51	1.24	Peroxidase superfamily protein
	ROS production	Vigun09g139800	4 × 10−160	58.33	AT5G24530	0.27	0.34	0.92	1.11	0.97	1.01	2-oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase superfamily protein
	ROS production	Vigun10g149500	0	61.51	AT1G01190	1.60	1.52	1.18	−0.12	0.55	0.88	cytochrome P450, family 78, subfamily A, polypeptide 6

* Arabi-defline: Arabidopsis thaliana gene’s description. The box color indicates the gene expression level from green (down-regulated) to white to red (up-regulated). The black lined box indicates a significant difference.