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. 2021 Mar 18;18(6):3119. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063119

Table 2.

Sports profile of participants by exercise addiction level.

Variables Asymptomatic Symptomatic Addiction Risk
(n = 202) (n = 756) (n = 61)
M (SD) M (SD) M (SD)
Enthusiasm *
(F = 317.92(2); p ≤ 0.001; η2 = 0.385)
2.73 (0.9) 4.02 (0.7) 4.67 (0.4)
Affliction 1.81 (0.8) 1.76 (0.8) 1.87 (1.0)
(F = 0.84(2); p = 0.431; η2 = 0.002)
Feeling of insecurity ABV * 1.72 (0.8) 2.41 (1.0) 3.33 (1.1)
(F = 76.14(2); p ≤ 0.001; η2 = 0.130)
Feeling of insecurity AAV * 2.14 (1.0) 3.00 (1.1) 3.60 (1.1)
(F = 69.82(2); p ≤ 0.001; η2 = 0.121)
Frequency of PA practise BL * 2.88 (1.6) 3.93 (1.6) 4.95 (1.4)
(F = 54.97(2); p ≤ 0.001; η2 = 0.098)
Duration of PA practise BL * 3.58 (2.7) 5.31 (3.2) 6.77 (4.1)
(F = 33.68(2); p ≤ 0.001; η2 = 0.062)
Frequency of PA practise DL * 3.62 (2.2) 4.53 (1.9) 5.08 (1.8)
(F = 21.45(2); p ≤ 0.001; η2 = 0.041)
Duration of PA practise DL * 2.83 (2.5) 4.53 (3.1) 5.31 (3.7)
(F = 28.73(2); p ≤ 0.001; η2 = 0.054)
Sports Experience * 6.36 (6.4) 9.73 (5.9) 9.81 (5.5)
(F = 26.05(2); p ≤ 0.001; η2 = 0.049)
N (%) N (%) N (%)
Type of Physical Activity PL * (x2 = 117.96(10); p ≤ 0.001; V = 0.241)
Walking or hiking 55 (27.2) 56 (7.4) -
Running, jogging, cycling 38 (18.8) 293 (38.8) 28 (45.9)
Fitness conditioning 23 (11.4) 120 (15.9) 13 (21.3)
Fitness activities
(yoga. pilates. zumba. etc.)
32 (15.8) 84 (11.1) 1 (1.6)
Other activities 40 (19.8) 190 (25.1) 19 (31.2)
Nothing 14 (6.9) 13 (1.7) -
Type of Physical Activity DL * (x2 = 58.24(10); p ≤ 0.001; V = 0.169)
Walking or hiking 22 (10.9) 39 (5.2) 2 (3.3)
Running, jogging, cycling 37 (18.3) 173 (22.9) 21 (34.4)
Fitness conditioning 47 (23.3) 296 (39.2) 26 (42.6)
Fitness activities
(yoga. pilates. zumba. etc.)
62 (30.7) 175 (23.1) 8 (13.1)
Other activities 5 (2.5) 36 (4.8) 2 (3.3)
Nothing 29 (14.4) 37 (4.9) 2 (3.3)

Note: ABV: Activities before vaccine; AAV: Activities after vaccine; * Significant differences between all groups; BL: before lockdown. DL: during lockdown. * Significant differences between all groups (p ≤ 0.001). η2: squared eta; between η2 < 0.01 trivial effect, between 0.01< η2 <0.06 small effect, between 0.06 < η2 < 0.14 medium effect, and η2 > 0.14 significant effect. V: Cramer’s V; V < 0.10: irrelevant effect, between 0.10 < V< 0.30: small effect, between 0.30 < V< 0.50: moderate effect, and V > 0.50 large effect.