Table 1.

Summary of biomarkers for novel therapeutics for sepsis.

Summary of Biomarkers
1. Innate response biomarkers	a. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
	b. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)
	c. Calprotectin
2. Cytokine/Chemokine biomarkers	a. Interleukin 6 (IL-6)
	b. Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 (MCP1)
	c. Pentraxin (PTX) 3
	d. sTNFR1
3. Receptor Biomarkers	a. Presepsin
	b. CD64
	c. Soluble triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM-1)
	d. TLR-4
	e. PD1
4. Microcirculation related biomarkers	a. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2)
	b. Adrenomedullin (ADM) and Pro-Adrenomedullin (ProADM)
5. Biomarkers of Organ Dysfunction	a. Micro-RNA (miRNA)
	b. Long Non-Coding RNAs (LncRNAs)
	c. Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs)