Table 1.
Baseline parameters of the study population.
| Parameter | Hemodialysis Group (N = 91) | Control Group (N = 70) | p * |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male gender | 58 (63.7) | 34 (68.0) | 0.612 |
| Age (years) | 68.3 ± 12.6 | 67.2 ± 12.1 | 0.577 |
| Body weight (kg) | 74.9 ± 14.9 | 75.3 ± 14.7 | 0.865 |
| Body height (cm) | 174.1 ± 9.6 | 176.3 ± 8.1 | 0.125 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.5 ± 4.8 | 23.9 ± 3.8 | 0.391 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 98.7 ± 12.5 | 96.1 ± 11.1 | 0.171 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 103.3 ± 10.7 | 100.6 ± 15.6 | 0.195 |
| Pre-dialysis systolic pressure (mmHg) | 135.1 ± 27.4 | − | − |
| Post-dialysis systolic pressure (mmHg) ‡ | 123.2 ± 27.5 | 118.5 ± 7.1 | 0.117 |
| Pre-dialysis diastolic pressure (mmHg) | 70.1 ± 16.1 | − | − |
| Post-dialysis diastolic pressure (mmHg) ‡ | 69.3 ± 14.7 | 72.1 ± 8.2 | 0.137 |
| Diabetes | 29 (31.9) | 14 (20.0) | 0.091 |
| Smoking | 28 (30.8) | 24 (34.3) | 0.636 |
| CKD duration (years) † | 11 (7.0–26.5) | − | − |
| Hemodialysis duration (years) | 4.0 (2.0–8.0) | − | − |
| Urine output (mL) | 200.0 (0–1075.0) | − | − |
| Erythropoietin therapy | 77 (84.6) | − | − |
| Arteriovenous fistula # | 48 (52.7) | − | − |
| Temporary CVC # | 27 (29.7) | − | − |
| Permanent CVC # | 16 (17.6) | − | − |
| Dialysis Malnutrition Score | 13.8 ± 4.0 | − | − |
| Malnutrition-Inflammation Score | 7.1 ± 3.8 | − | − |
Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; CVC, central venous catheter. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (IQR) or N (%). *, t-test for independent samples, Mann–Whitney U test or chi-square test. ‡, post-dialysis stands only for the hemodialysis (HD) group. †, period of time from the initial CKD diagnosis. #, venous approaches.