Table A1.
Overview of measures used in the study.
| Measures | Item/Statement | Scale |
|---|---|---|
| Preliminary questions | ||
| Desire to eat | How strong is your desire to eat pasta now? | 7-point scale from “Very weak” (1) to “Very strong” (7) |
| Actual pasta choice | which kind of pasta did you eat for dinner today? | 1 = regular pasta, 2 = whole grain pasta, 3 = other types of pasta |
| Healthy Eating | Please indicate to what extent the following statements generally apply to you. | 7-point scale from “Does not apply to me at all” (1) to “Fully applies to me” (7) |
| HE.1 | I eat a variety of foods originating mainly from plants, rather than animals | |
| HE.2 | I eat bread, grains, pasta, rice or potatoes several times per day | |
| HE.3 | I eat a variety of vegetables and fruits, at least 0.9 lb (400 g) per day or 5 portions per day | |
| HE.4 | I control my fat intake and replace most saturated fats with unsaturated vegetable oils or soft margarines | |
| HE.5 | I replace fatty meat and meat products with beans, legumes, lentils, fish, poultry or lean meat | |
| HE.6 | I select foods that are low in sugar, limiting the frequency of intake of sugary drinks and sweets | |
| HE.7 | I control my salt intake and limit adding salt to my meals | |
| Interest in Healthy Eating | Please indicate to what extent the following statements generally apply to you. | 7-point scale from “Does not apply to me at all” (1) to “Fully applies to me” (7) |
| IHE.1 | I always follow a healthy and balanced diet | |
| IHE.2 | I am very particular about the healthiness of food | |
| IHE.3 | I eat what I like and I do not worry about the healthiness of food | |
| Health Concern | Please indicate to what extent the following statements generally apply to you. | 7-point scale from “Does not apply to me at all” (1) to “Fully applies to me” (7) |
| HC.1 | Health is very important to me | |
| HC.2 | I care a lot about health | |
| HC.3 | I appreciate healthy food very much | |
| Consumption frequency of pasta | Please indicate your consumption frequency: | 7-point scale from “Never” (1) to “Everyday” (7) |
| - Regular | ||
| - Wholegrain | ||
| Pasta attribute | Please indicate the importance of each of the following attributes when you choose pasta at the dining halls: | 7-point scale from “Not at all important” (1) to “Extremely important” (7) |
| - Type of cut | ||
| - Wholegrain attribute | ||
| - Type of toppings | ||
| - Healthiness | ||
| Perceptions of whole grain pasta | In your opinion, a whole grain pasta is … | 7-point semantic differential scale |
| P.1 | Not tasty- Tasty | |
| P.2 | Cheap-Expensive | |
| P.3 | Not easily available-Easily available in the store I usually shop | |
| P.4 | Not filling-Filling | |
| P.5 | Not healthy-Healthy | |
| P.6 | Not easily available-Easily available in the dining hall I usually eat | |
| Attitude toward including whole grain pasta in the diet | Including whole grain pasta in my diet over the next month will be: | 7-point semantic differential scale |
| Att.1 | Harmful-Beneficial | |
| Att.2 | Foolish-Wise | |
| Att.3 | Unnecessary-Essential | |
| Att.4 | Difficult-Easy | |
| Att.5 | Not tasty-Tasty | |
| Willingness to include wholegrain pasta | How likely would you be to willingly start including whole grain pasta in your diet over the next month? | 7-point scale from “Extremely unlikely” (1) to “Extremely likely” (7) |
| Self-perception of overall health | How healthy do you consider yourself? | 7-point scale from “Very bad” (1) to “Very well” (7) |