Table 2.
Baseline characteristics across categories of CQI score among 3101 participants of the Framingham Cohort Study (mean (SE) or percentage).
| Baseline CQI Score | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Q 14–9 |
Q 210–12 |
Q3 13–14 |
Q4 15–20 |
|
| Characteristics 1 | |||||
| n | 3101 | 701 | 1009 | 620 | 771 |
| Age | 54.9 (0.17) | 54.2 (0.36) | 54.6 (0.3) | 55.1 (0.38) | 55.9 (0.34) |
| Sex (%M) | 45.7 | 51.5 | 49.5 | 44.0 | 36.9 |
| Weight (kg) | 76.9 (0.25) | 77.0 (0.52) | 77.0 (0.44) | 76.5 (0.56) | 77.0 (0.50) |
| WC (cm) | 92.6 (0.23) | 93.5 (0.48) | 92.7 (0.40) | 91.5 (0.51) | 92.7 (0.46) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.2 (0.08) | 27.3 (0.18) | 27.2 (0.15) | 27.0 (0.19) | 27.1 (0.17) |
| PAI score | 35.0 (0.11) | 35.1 (0.23) | 34.8 (0.20) | 34.9 (0.25) | 35.0 (0.23) |
| Current smoker (%) | 18.0 | 25.8 | 21.4 | 13.8 | 10.0 |
| Hypertension (%) | 46.6 | 49.3 | 47.7 | 44.8 | 44.2 |
| BP medication (%) | 17.8 | 20.8 | 16.3 | 17.3 | 17.3 |
| Lipid medication (%) | 7.6 | 9.5 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 7.3 |
| Menopausal (%) | 36.2 | 36.9 | 35.6 | 35.6 | 36.6 |
| Dietary Intakes 2 | |||||
| Total energy (kcal/d) | 1870 (10.8) | 1728 (22.3) | 1813 (18.6) | 1907 (23.7) | 2045 (21.3) |
| Carbohydrate (% kcal/d) | 50.9 (0.20) | 51.6 (0.30) | 49.8 (0.30) | 51.0 (0.30) | 51.9 (0.30) |
| Fat (% kcal/d) | 29.9 (0.11) | 30.2 (0.24) | 30.7 (0.20) | 29.7 (0.25) | 28.8 (0.23) |
| Protein (% kcal/d) | 16.8 (0.06) | 15.4 (0.12) | 16.8 (0.1) | 17.1 (0.13) | 17.8 (0.11) |
| Total carbohydrate (g/d) | 238.9 (0.75) | 242.4 (1.59) | 235.1 (1.32) | 237.8 (1.68) | 241.7 (1.53) |
| CQI score | 12.1 (0.06) | 7.5 (0.04) | 11.1 (0.03) | 13.5 (0.04) | 16.4 (0.04) |
| Total fiber (g/d) | 18.2 (0.11) | 13.8 (0.19) | 16.7 (0.15) | 19.2 (0.2) | 23.2 (0.18) |
| Whole grain (svg/d) | 1.0 (0.02) | 0.4 (0.03) | 0.8 (0.03) | 1.1 (0.03) | 1.7 (0.03) |
| Refined grain (svg/d) | 3.0 (0.03) | 3.5 (0.05) | 3.4 (0.05) | 3.1 (0.06) | 2.5 (0.05) |
| Fruit (svg/d) | 2.1 (0.03) | 1.8 (0.05) | 2.0 (0.04) | 2.2 (0.06) | 2.6 (0.05) |
| Vegetables (svg/d) | 2.8 (0.03) | 2.1 (0.06) | 2.7 (0.05) | 3.1 (0.06) | 3.9 (0.06) |
| SSBs (svg/d) | 1.3 (0.02) | 2.1 (0.04) | 1.3 (0.03) | 1.0 (0.04) | 0.6 (0.04) |
| Total alcohol (g/d) | 10.9 (0.28) | 10.8 (0.59) | 10.9 (0.49) | 11.3 (0.62) | 10.8 (0.57) |
| SFA (% kcal/d) | 10.4 (0.05) | 10.8 (0.11) | 10.7 (0.09) | 10.2 (0.11) | 9.7 (0.10) |
1 Adjusted for age and sex; 2 Adjusted for age, sex, and total energy intake; BMI (body mass index); CQI (carbohydrate quality index); PAI (physical activity index); SFA (saturated fatty acid); SSB (sugar-sweetened beverage); WC (waist circumference).