Table 3.
Cumulative Change in Echocardiographic Parameters after each Treatment.
| n= | After 1st Rx | After 2nd Rx | After 3rd Rx | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Δ EDV (µL) | ||||
| Vehicle | 18 | 4.0 ± 1.4 | 6.1 ± 1.1 | 8.2 ± 1.1 |
| Combined dose | 18 | −0.1 ± 1.5 | 1.8 ± 1.6 | 1.6 ± 1.9 † |
| Multiple doses | 16 | −2.1 ± 1.7 # | −1.6 ± 3.0 * | 2.0 ± 2.3 |
| Δ ESV (µL) | ||||
| Vehicle | 18 | 3.6 ± 1.0 | 5.4 ± 0.8 | 7.3 ± 0.9 |
| Combined dose | 18 | −3.3 ± 1.0 # | −2.7 ± 1.1 * | −2.8 ± 1.4 † |
| Multiple doses | 16 | −4.3 ± 1.3 # | −4.7 ± 2.2 * | −4.2 ± 1.6 † |
| Δ SV (µL) | ||||
| Vehicle | 18 | 0.5 ± 0.4 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 0.3 |
| Combined dose | 18 | 3.4 ± 0.6 # | 4.5 ± 0.9 * | 4.4 ± 1.0 † |
| Multiple doses | 16 | 2.4 ± 0.6 | 3.2 ± 0.9 * | 6.2 ± 1.0 † |
| Δ EF (%) | ||||
| Vehicle | 18 | −0.8 ± 0.2 | −1.1 ± 0.2 | −1.6 ± 0.2 |
| Combined dose | 18 | 4.1 ± 0.5 # | 4.8 ± 0.8 * | 4.8 ± 0.8 † |
| Multiple doses | 16 | 3.7 ± 0.6 # | 4.5 ± 0.4 * | 6.6 ± 0.6 † |
Rx indicates treatment; EDV, end-diastolic volume; ESV, end-systolic volume; EF, ejection fraction. To distinguish from the group assignment, these four major parameters EDV, ESV, SV, and EF are bold and underlined. The total cumulative values of these parameters are presented in this table. # p < 0.05 vs. Vehicle 1st Rx, * p < 0.05 vs. Vehicle 2nd Rx, † p < 0.05 vs. Vehicle 3rd Rx. All data are represented as the mean ± SEM.