Table 1.

Mechanisms of excess iron and silver toxicity: Mechanisms of cellular damage are listed resulting from excess iron toxicity. As these systems are common to virtually all bacteria, there is a strong potential that resistance mechanisms might be conserved across wide varieties of taxa.

Mechanism	Fe
Reactive oxygen species	+
Disruption of transcription/translation	+
Damage to cell wall/membrane	+
Interfering with respiration	+
Release of cellular components	+
Binding to thiol groups	+