Table 5.
Incidence and severity of cardiac histopathological lesions in the examined cardiac tissues in the control group and after various treatments in male Wistar albino rats.
| Groups (n = 7) | Lesion Severity | Loss of Muscular Striations | Myocardial Vacuolation | Myocardial Necrosis | Myofibrillar Loss | Interstitial Inflammatory Cells Infiltrations | Hyperemic Blood Vessels | Interstitial Edema | Interfibrillar Hemorrhage | Myocardial Fibrosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CTR | None | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| (−) | −85.71% | −100% | −100% | −100% | −100% | −100% | −100% | −100% | −100% | |
| Mild | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| (+) | −14.28% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Moderate | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| (++) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Severe | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| (+++) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| DPPE | None | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| (−) | −100% | −100% | −100% | −100% | −100% | −100% | −100% | −100% | −100% | |
| Mild | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| (+) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Moderate | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| (++) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Severe | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| (+++) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| DOX | None | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| (−) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Mild | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| (+) | 0% | 0% | 0% | −14.28% | 0% | 0% | −14.28% | −14.28% | −14.28% | |
| Moderate | 2 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 6 | |
| (++) | −28.57% | −85.71% | −71.42% | −85.71% | −100% | −71.42% | −85.71 | −71.42% | −85.71% | |
| Severe | 5 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| (+++) | (71.42%) | −14.28% | −28.57% | 0% | 0% | −28.57% | 0% | −14.28% | 0% | |
| DPPE + DOX | None | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| (−) | 0% | 0% | 0% | −14.28% | 0% | 0% | −14.28% | −28.57% | 0% | |
| Mild | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | |
| (+) | (71.42%) | −71.42% | −57.14% | −57.14% | −28.57% | (71.42%) | −71.42% | −42.85% | −71.42% | |
| Moderate | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
| (++) | −28.57% | −28.57% | −42.85% | −28.57% | −71.42% | −28.57% | −14.28% | −28.57% | −28.57% | |
| Severe | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| (+++) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
Control (CTR); date palm pollen ethanolic extract (DPPE); doxorubicin-treated (DOX); doxorubicin and date palm pollen ethanolic extract-treated (DOX + DPPE) groups. The severity of pathological lesions in different groups of rats was determined according to the percentage of tissue affected as: None (−): normal histology with zero involvement of the examined field, Mild (+):5–25% of the examined field is involved, Moderate (++): 26–50% of the examined field is involved Severe (+++): ≥50% of the examined field is involved. Incidence is the number of rats with lesions per total examined. (n = 7).