Table 1.

Terminologies and definitions of the variable used in this paper.

Expression	Definition
$ID$	The variable to distinguish the individual driver
$I_t$	Driver’s face image at time t while driving
${\widehat{\mathbf{V}}}_t$	Driver’s recognized valence level by facial expressions at time t
${\widehat{\mathbf{A}}}_t$	Driver’s recognized arousal level by facial expressions at time t
$E_t$	Driver’s measured EDA response while driving at time t
k	Number of defined emotional state categories for driver
C	List of defined emotional state categories for driver, $C^T=[C_1,C_2,\dots ,C_k]$
${\widehat{Y}}_t$	Driver’s recognized real emotion while driving at time t among the C