Table 2.
Characteristics of patients with lung cancer and healthy volunteers of the study.
| Characteristic | Lung Cancer Patients (n = 148) | Health Controls (n = 168) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years), y * | ||
| Mean ± SD | 64.5 ± 11 | 31.4 ± 10.4 |
| Rage | 37–90 | 20–74 |
| Sex, n (%) † | ||
| Female | 75 (50.7) | 101 (60.1) |
| Male | 73 (49.3) | 67 (39.9) |
| Smoking status, n (%) * | ||
| Current smoker | 9 (6) | 0 |
| Former smoker | 47 (31.2) | 1 |
| Nonsmoker | 92 (62.1) | 167 (99) |
| Lung cancer type, n (%) | - | |
| Adenocarcinoma | 108 (72.9) | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 17 (11.5) | |
| Small cell lung cancer | 14 (9.5) | |
| Other lung cancer | 8 (5.4) | |
| Targetable driver mutation, n (%) | ||
| EGFR | - | |
| Exon 19 deletion | 33 (22.3) | |
| Exon 21 point mutation | 30 (20.3) | |
| T790M | 6 (4.1) | |
| ALK | 7 (4.7) | |
| ROS1 | 3 (2.0) | |
| Wild type | 75 (50.7) | |
| PD-L1 expression, n (%) | ||
| >50% | 18 (12.1) | - |
| 1–49% | 57 (39.0) | |
| <1% | 29 (19.6) | |
| Clinical stage status, n (%) | ||
| IA and B | 4 (2.7) | - |
| IIA and B | 4 (2.7) | |
| IIIA | 8 (5.4) | |
| III B and C | 27 (18.2) | |
| IVA | 65 (43.9) | |
| IVB | 40 (27.0) |
* Significantly different between lung cancer patients and healthy controls at p-value < 0.05. † Significantly different between lung cancer patients and healthy controls at p-value < 0.1. Abbreviations: EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor); ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase); ROS1 (ROS1 oncogene); NTUH (National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch); NCTU (National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University).