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. 2021 Mar 20;13(6):1424. doi: 10.3390/cancers13061424

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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UC biomarkers workflow, which is an integrated platform to report PD-L1 and other biomarkers. Figure 4 illustrates a prospective integrated protocol for multiple biomarker testings on samples from patients with UC. The numbers of sections required are shown in blue. Ideally, in the future, step 1 testing would be combined with step 2 testing to accelerate information to the clinician and inform potential treatment. A minimum of two slides are required for PD-L1 testing and tissue requirements for next-generation sequencing (NGS) may vary according to the testing platform used.