aa	Amino acids
ADCs	Antibody-drug conjugates
ADT	Androgen signaling deprivation therapy
AEs	Adverse events
AKT	Protein kinase B
ALK	Activin-like kinase
AuNPs	Gold nanoparticles
BM	Bone marrow
BMP	Bone morphogenic protein
CA	Cancer antigen
CAF	Cancer-associated fibroblast
co-SMAD	Common partner SMAD
CRC	Colorectal cancer
Cys	Cysteine
EC	Endothelial cell
E-cadherin	Epithelial cadherin
ECM	Extracellular matrix
ELISA	Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ENG	Endoglin
eNOS	Endothelial nitric oxide synthase
ERK	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
EV	Extracellular vesicle
F-actin	Filamentous-actin
FAK	Focal adhesion kinase
GAIP	G alpha interacting protein
GDF	Growth differentiation factor
GIPC	GAIP-interacting protein C-terminus
HCC	Hepatocellular carcinoma
HER2	Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
HHT	Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
HSC	Hematopoietic stem cell
ICAM-1	Intercellular adhesion molecule 1
IGF	Insulin growth factor
IL	Interleukin
IMVD	Intratumoral microvessel density
iRNA	RNA interference
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinase
MAPKs	Mitogen activated protein kinases
MMP	Matrix metalloproteinase
mRCC	Metastatic renal cell carcinoma
mRNA	Messenger RNA
MSC	Mesenchymal stem cell
MVs	Microvesicles
NO	Nitric oxide
OPN	Osteopontin
ORR	Overall response rate
OS	Overall survival
PDZ	PSD-95/Discs-large/ZO1
PET	Positron emission tomography
PFS	Progression free survival
PI3K	Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase
PR	Partial response
RCC	Renal cell carcinoma
RGD	Arginine-glycine-aspartic acid
RhoA	Ras homolog family member A
ROCK	Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase
R-SMAD	Receptor-regulated SMAD
SD	Stable disease
Ser	Serine
siRNA	Small interfering RNA
SIRT1	Sirtuin 1
SMA	Serine-methionine-alanine
Sol-ENG	Soluble endoglin
Sp1	Specificity protein-1
TAM	Tumor-associated macrophage
TGFβ	Transforming growth factor β
TGFβRI	TGFβ type-I receptor
TGFβRII	TGFβ type-II receptor
Thr	Threonine
TME	Tumor microenvironment
TNFα	Tumor necrosis factor α
TRAMP	Transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate
Treg	Regulatory T cell
VCAM-1	Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor
VEGFR	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
VSMC	Vascular smooth muscle cell
WNT	Wingless/Integrated
ZP	Zona pellucida
ZRP1	Zyxin-related protein 1