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. 2021 Mar 21;10(3):698. doi: 10.3390/cells10030698

Figure 4.

Figure 4

ALLO increases the length of microglial cells. (A) BV-2 cells grown in 1% FCS exhibited processes in both control and ALLO conditions. Scale bar = 50 µM. (B) The proportion of bipolar vs. multipolar BV-2 cells (i.e., cells with more than two processes) was not modified after a treatment with ALLO. Mean values ± SEM are shown, with n = 188, control cells; n = 141, 10 nM ALLO-treated cells; n = 164, 100 nM ALLO-treated cells; n = 172, 1 µM ALLO-treated cells; and n = 154, 10 µM ALLO-treated cells; from n = four independent experiments. (C) The mean length of the primary processes carried by BV-2 was increased after a treatment with ALLO (10 µM). Mean values ± SEM are shown, with n = 136, control cells; n = 105, 10 nM ALLO-treated cells; n = 97, 100 nM ALLO-treated cells; n = 106, 1 µM ALLO-treated cells; and n = 113, 10 µM ALLO-treated cells; from n = 4 independent experiments, *** p < 0.001. (D) Primary microglial cells that were grown in 1% FCS exhibited processes that had an increased length after incubation with ALLO (10 μM). Scale bar = 50 μM. (E) The mean length of primary microglial cells was increased after a treatment with ALLO (10 µM). Mean values ± SEM are shown, with n = 291, control cells; n = 391, 10 nM ALLO-treated cells; n = 289, 100 nM ALLO-treated cells; n = 306, 1 µM ALLO-treated cells; and, n = 274, 10 µM ALLO-treated cells; from five independent experiments, *** p < 0.001. (F) The effect of ALLO on BV-2 cell morphology is mediated by the GABA-A receptor. The application of bicuculline (Bic) before the treatment with ALLO (10 µM) abolished the ALLO-induced elongation of the processes carried by bipolar BV-2 cells. Mean values ± SEM are shown, from n = four independent experiments, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.