Table 3.
The A. flavus secondary metabolite profile after the infection of fullerol C60(OH)24 nanoparticles (FNP) pre-treated (0, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 ng mL−1) BC Tena wheat genotype. Data expressed as ng mL−1 represent the mean ± SEM from three separate experiments.
| Treatment |
 3-Nitropropionic acid
|
 Aflatoxin B1
|
 Aflatoxin B2
|
 Aflatoxicol
|
 Kojic acid
|
 O-Methylsterigmatocystin
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (ng mL−1) | ||||||
| Control; 0 ng mL−1 FNP | 9.01 ± 0.13 cd | <LOD d | <LOD b | <LOD a | <LOD b | <LOD b |
| Control, 0 ng mL−1 FNP + A. flavus | 25.5 ± 0.09 c | 6.63 ± 0.06 A | 0.07 ± 0 a | <LOD a | 16.8 ± 0.32 b | 0.17 ± 0 a |
| 10 ng mL−1 FNP | 7.95 ± 0.30 cd | <LOD D | <LOD b | <LOD a | <LOD b | <LOD b |
| 100 ng mL−1 FNP | 13.9 ± 0.29 cd | <LOD D | <LOD b | <LOD a | <LOD b | <LOD b |
| 1000 ng mL−1 FNP | 1.33 ± 0.06 d | <LOD D | <LOD b | <LOD a | <LOD b | <LOD b |
| FNP 10 ng mL−1 FNP + A. flavus | 5.03 ± 0.22 cd | 4.94 ± 0.13 C | 0.01 ± 0 b | 0.37 ± 0.16 a | 30.6 ± 0.20 b | 0.11 ± 0.04 ab |
| FNP 100 ng mL−1 FNP + A. flavus | 79.6 ± 0.07 b | 5.83 ± 0.12 B | 0 ± 0 b | 0.35 ± 0.04 a | 1338 ± 189 a | 0.15 ± 0 a |
| FNP 1000 ng mL−1 FNP + A. flavus | 1776 ± 10.8 a | 6.77 ± 0.43 A | 0.02 ± 0.02 b | 0.19 ± 0.15 a | 51.7 ± 2.23 b | 0.11 ± 0.04 ab |
Values are represented as means ± SEM (n = 3). The different letters in each column indicate statistically significant differences between treatments at p < 0.05, using Tukey’s post-hoc test. <LOD—below detection limit. The text following an equation need not be a new paragraph. Please punctuate equations.