Table 2.

Role of Hyaluronidases in various disease processes. This table details the known involvement of hyaluronidases in specific disease states.

Organ System	Disease/Condition	Hyaluronidase(s) Involved	Hyaluronidase Involvement
Skin and connective tissue	Mucopolysaccharidosis type IX (MPS IX)	HYAL1	Deficiency leads to joint pathology resembling juvenile idiopathic arthritis
	Keloid scarring	HYALs 1 & 2	Reduced expression compared to normal skin
	Scleroderma Facial wrinkles	HYAL1 KIAA1199	Reduced in serum Exacerbates facial wrinkles
Cardiovascular	Cor triatriatum sinistrum	HYAL2	Deficiency
	Post-myocardial infarction fibrosis	HYAL3	Increases collagen deposition
Pulmonary	Pulmonary hypertension	HYAL2	Promotes remodeling of vasculature and pulmonary hypertension
Renal	Chronic kidney disease	HYAL1	Elevated in serum of patients with end-stage renal disease
Hepatic	Steatosis, steatohepatitis, cirrhosis	HYALs 1 & 2	Elevated in diseased liver parenchyma
	Hepatitis B	TMEM2	Decreased in chronic infection; may be protective against infection
	Hepatitis C	HYALs	Elevated in serum
Gastrointestinal	Pancreaticocutaneous fistula	HYAL1	Elevated in serum
	Inflammatory bowel disease	HYAL2	Reduced in platelets
	Crohn’s disease	KIAA1199	Elevated in colonic fibroblasts
	Colorectal cancer	KIAA1199	Overexpression promotes cancer cell invasion