Table 1.
Various emerging SPN systems studied during last 5 years (2015–2020).
| Materials | Specification | (PTCE) * | SPN Formulation Method | Applications | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diketopyrrolopyrrole polymer P(AcIIDDPP) | 200 nm sized SPN with very good stability | 49.5% | Stille cross-coupling reaction followed an emulsification method | Improved PTT on human epithelial cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa) bearing mouse model | [45] |
| Thiadiazoloquinoxaline-based semiconducting polymer | Hydrodynamic size of SPNs is 58.9 ± 1.4 nm and the PDI is 0.35. | 21.2% | Nanoprecipitation method | PTT on human brain glioblastoma cell line (U87) xenograft model | [46] |
| Dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide derivatives | High photostability, improved tissue penetration | 66% ** | Nano-precipitation method | Improved PDT on human epithelial cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa) bearing mouse model | [47] |
| Thiophene based conjugate polymers | 30 nm sized conjugated polymer | 65% | Nano-precipitation method | Improved PTT effects on mouse epithelial mammary gland metastatic cancer cells (4T1) bearing tumor model | [48] |
| 4,8-bis[5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl]-2,6-bis(trimethylstannyl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-6,6′-dibromo-N,N′-(2-ethylhexyl)isoindigo (BDT-IID) Pdots | 20 nm sized Pdots | 45% | Nanoprecipitation method | PTT on Human epithelial mammary gland adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF7) bearing tumor model | [49] |
| Gd3+-PMA–PDI–PEG NPs (Gd3+-chelated poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PMA) framework pendent with perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (PDI) derivatives and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)) | 101.9 ± 2.8 nm (PMA–PDI–PEG NPs)72.6 ± 2.4 nm (Gd3+-PMA–PDI–PEG NPs) | 40% | Nanoprecipitation method | PTT on human epithelial cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa) tumor model | [50] |
| PolyPyrrole-PEG NPss | 7 nm | 33.35% (808 nm), 41.97% (1064 nm) | Self assembling method | Multimodal imaging and PTT on human brain glioblastoma cell line bearing mouse tumor model | [51] |
| poly(cyclopentadithiophene-alt-benzothiadiazole) (PCPDTBT) | 47 nm with −20 mV | Not given | Nanoprecipitation method | Combined PTT/PDT on mouse epithelial mammary gland metastatic cancer cells (4T1) tumor bearing mouse | [52] |
| Poly vinylene based SPN | 36 nm | Not given | Nanoprecipitation method | Improved PAI/PTT effects on mouse epithelial mammary gland metastatic cancer cells (4T1) tumor bearing model | [53] |
| BODIPY-TPA (Triphenylamine) | 80 nm in size with −35.5 mV surface charge | 20.7% | Nano-precipitation method | Improved PTT/PDT in-vitro on human epithelial lung carcinoma cell line (A549) | [54] |
| diketopyrrolopyrrole-based semiconducting polymer and polystyrene-b-poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (PDPP3T@PSNiAA NPs) | 70 nm sized NPs showed photo chemo effects in-vitro and in-vivo | 34.1% | Co-precipitation method | High photo chemo effects on human epithelial cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa) bearing tumor model | [55] |
* PTCE-Photo thermal conversion efficiency; ** photoluminescence quantum efficiency; PDI-Polydispersity index.