Figure 2.

Spermidine prevents ethanol and LPS-induced oxidative stress. The levels of ROS were determined fluorometrically in livers from mice treated in the absence (control) or presence of ethanol (EtOH), LPS and/or spermidine (SPN) as indicated (A). Total 4-HNE protein adducts (B). Molecular weight markers are indicated on the left of the immunoblot in kDa. Densitometric comparison of the immunoreactive species was performed to determine relative levels of expression. Values were normalized to total β-actin levels and are plotted as fold-increase relative to control (C). A representative immunoblot is shown in (B). For each experimental condition, four mice were analyzed (n = 4). The values in (A,C) represent the means of triplicate experiments ± SE.