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. 2021 Mar 23;11(3):191. doi: 10.3390/metabo11030191

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Carnitine modulates cardiac acyl-carnitine species. (A) Free L-carnitine in plasma. (B) Free L-carnitine in cardiac tissue. (C) All short-chain acyl-carnitines summed (C2-C10) in heart tissue. (D) All medium-chain acyl-carnitines summed (C12–C15) in heart tissue. (E) All long-chain acyl-carnitines summed (>C15) in heart tissue. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Two-way ANOVA, if an interaction was found to be significant, the effect of L-carnitine on control and diabetes was evaluated using Sidak’s multiple comparison test. Significant differences are represented by ‘*’, with * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.