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. 2021 Mar 28;276:119437. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119437

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Fig. 3 — The gene expression levels of Treg cell transcription factor and cytokines in Nanocurcumin and placebo-treated group in mild and severe COVID-19 patients. A. In mild COVID-19 patients, the expression levels of FoxP3 (P = 0.0062), IL-10 (P = 0.0051), IL-35 (P = 0.0044), and TGF-β (P = 0.032) were significantly upregulated after treatment. Also we found significantly upregulated gene expression levels of IL-10 (P = 0.018) and IL-35 (P = 0.0083) cytokines in Nanocurcumin-received patients than in placebo-received group. B. In severe COVID-19 patients a significantly increased expression levels of FoxP3 (P = 0.042) and IL-10 (P = 0.045) were detected in Nanocurcumin received patients after treatment. Mild patient group, n = 40; severe patient group, n = 40; Nanocurcumin treated group, n = 20; placebo-treated group, n = 20. Results are given as, mean ± SD. P < 0.05 describes statistically significant. COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019; Treg, T-regulatory cell; FoxP3, forkhead box P3; IL, interleukin; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-beta.