| Gender |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Female |
651 (74.3) |
240 (36.9) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Male |
225 (25.7) |
125 (55.6) |
2.14 (1.57-2.91) |
<0.001 |
2.37 (1.41-4.00) |
0.001 |
| Age (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 18-25 |
350 (40.0) |
134 (38.3) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| 26-40 |
283 (32.4) |
114 (40.3) |
1.09 (0.79-1.50) |
0.609 |
2.01 (0.57-7.11) |
0.277 |
| 41-60 |
177 (20.3) |
84 (47.5) |
1.46 (1.01-2.10) |
0.044 |
2.44 (0.70-8.46) |
0.161 |
| >60 |
64 (7.3) |
32 (50) |
1.61 (0.94-2.75) |
0.080 |
1.39 (0.53-3.60) |
0.503 |
| Marital status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Single |
483 (55.1) |
199 (41.2) |
1 |
|
|
|
| Married |
393 (44.9) |
166 (42.2) |
1.04 (0.80-1.37) |
0.757 |
|
|
| Education |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Secondary and lower |
184 (21.0) |
81 (44) |
1 |
|
|
|
| Vocationalization |
135 (15.4) |
59 (43.7) |
0.99 (0.63-1.55) |
0.955 |
|
|
| University |
557 (63.6) |
225 (40.4) |
0.86 (0.62-1.20) |
0.387 |
|
|
| Urbanicity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Suburban/Rural |
106 (12.1) |
49 (46.2) |
1 |
|
|
|
| Urban |
764 (87.2) |
314 (41.1) |
0.81 (0.54-1.22) |
0.316 |
|
|
| Smoking status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Never smoke |
623 (71.1) |
250 (40.1) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Former smoker |
80 (9.1) |
34 (42.5) |
1.10 (0.69-1.77) |
0.684 |
0.70 (0.30-1.62) |
0.408 |
| Current smoker |
162 (18.5) |
76 (46.9) |
1.32 (0.93- 1.87) |
0.119 |
1.46 (0.83-2.58) |
0.194 |
| Diagnosed with chronic diseases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
609 (69.5) |
255 (41.9) |
1 |
|
|
|
| Yes |
252 (28.8) |
105 (41.7) |
0.99 (0.74-1.34) |
0.956 |
|
|
| Occupation category |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Retired/Housewife/Student |
446 (51.0) |
177 (83.1) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| General worker |
290 (33.1) |
124 (42.8) |
1.14 (0.84-1.53) |
0.408 |
0.57 (0.17-1.90) |
0.363 |
| Managerial |
139 (15.9) |
63 (45.3) |
1.26 (0.86-1.85) |
0.239 |
0.75 (0.22-2.58) |
0.652 |
| Healthcare related job |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
519 (59.2) |
234 (45.1) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Yes |
354 (40.4) |
129 (36.4) |
0.70 (0.53-0.92) |
0.011 |
0.73 (0.44-1.21) |
0.221 |
| Job requiring interaction with lots of people |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
474 (54.1) |
192 (40.5) |
1 |
|
|
|
| Yes |
402 (45.9) |
173 (43) |
1.11 (0.85-1.45) |
0.449 |
|
|
| Positive COVID-19 status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
765 (87.3) |
333 (43.5) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Yes |
75 (8.6) |
27 (36) |
0.73 (0.45-1.19) |
0.210 |
0.65 (0.24-1.75) |
0.394 |
| Monthly income (1 thousand RUB) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <20 |
272 (31.1) |
123 (45.2) |
1.73 (0.99-3.03) |
0.057 |
2.34 (1.05-5.25) |
0.038 |
| 20-40 |
235 (26.8) |
105 (44.7) |
1.69 (0.96-2.99) |
0.071 |
2.94 (1.32-6.57) |
0.008 |
| 41-80 |
187 (21.3) |
79 (42.2) |
1.53 (0.85-2.75) |
0.155 |
2.44 (1.08-5.51) |
0.032 |
| >80 |
68 (7.8) |
22 (32.4) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Trust in the healthcare system |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
464 (53.0) |
143 (30.8) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Yes |
392 (44.7) |
218 (55.6) |
2.81 (2.13-3.72) |
<0.001 |
2.73 (1.76-4.24) |
<0.001 |
| Risk Perception Score (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 0 |
109 (12.4) |
46 (42.2) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| 10-20 |
133 (15.2) |
54 (40.6) |
0.94 (0.56-1.57) |
0.801 |
0.73 (0.33-1.65) |
0.452 |
| 30-40 |
222 (25.3) |
111 (50) |
1.37 (0.86-2.17) |
0.182 |
1.18 (0.56-2.48) |
0.654 |
| 50-60 |
194 (22.1) |
82 (42.3) |
1.00 (0.62-1.61) |
0.991 |
0.67 (0.32-1.42) |
0.300 |
| >60 |
182 (20.8) |
67 (36.8) |
0.80 (0.49-1.30) |
0.362 |
0.67 (0.27-1.65) |
0.383 |
| Perceived benefits |
| Vaccination helps reduce the risk of virus
infection |
| Disagree |
634 (72.4) |
171 (27) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Agree |
242 (27.6) |
194 (80.2) |
10.94 (7.62-15.71) |
<0.001 |
8.80 (5.21-14.87) |
<0.001 |
| Vaccination will ease complications of the
disease |
| Disagree |
624 (71.2) |
170 (27.2) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Agree |
252 (28.8) |
195 (77.4) |
9.14 (6.48-12.88) |
<0.001 |
10.46 (6.09-17.96) |
<0.001 |
| The vaccine will help to provide long-term
immunity |
| Disagree |
544 (62.1) |
175 (32.2) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Agree |
332 (37.9) |
190 (57.2) |
2.82 (2.13-3.74) |
<0.001 |
2.73 (1.72-4.35) |
<0.001 |
| Perceived barriers |
| Concern about possible side effects of
vaccination |
| Disagree |
352 (40.2) |
178 (50.6) |
1.84 (1.40-2.43) |
<0.001 |
1.65 (1.03-2.65) |
0.036 |
| Agree |
524 (59.8) |
187 (35.7) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Unproven vaccine safety and
effectiveness |
| Disagree |
337 (38.5) |
193 (57.3) |
2.86 (2.16-3.79) |
<0.001 |
2.55 (1.60-4.08) |
<0.001 |
| Agree |
539 (61.5) |
172 (31.9) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Concern of affordability (high cost) |
| Disagree |
688 (78.5) |
282 (41) |
1 |
|
|
|
| Agree |
188 (21.5) |
83 (44.1) |
1.14 (0.82-1.58) |
0.436 |
|
|
| Religious reasons |
| Disagree |
854 (97.5) |
353 (41.3) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Agree |
22 (2.5) |
12 (54.5) |
1.70 (0.73-3.99) |
0.220 |
8.08 (1.52-42.93) |
0.014 |
| The threat of COVID-19 has been
exaggerated |
| Disagree |
761 (86.9) |
336 (44.2) |
2.35 (1.50-3.66) |
<0.001 |
2.33 (1.05-5.16) |
0.038 |
| Agree |
115 (13.1) |
29 (25.2) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Afraid of injections |
| Disagree |
833 (95.1) |
356 (42.7) |
2.82 (1.34-5.95) |
0.007 |
2.66 (0.87-8.19) |
0.088 |
| Agree |
43 (4.9) |
9 (20.9) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Belief in natural or traditional
remedies |
| Disagree |
833 (95.1) |
352 (42.3) |
1.69 (0.87-3.28) |
0.123 |
7.29 (1.88-28.30) |
0.004 |
| Agree |
43 (4.9) |
13 (30.2) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| I’m young and healthy |
| Disagree |
783 (89.4) |
333 (42.5) |
1.41 (0.90-2.21) |
0.135 |
3.60 (1.41-9.18) |
0.007 |
| Agree |
93 (10.6) |
32 (34.4) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| I don’t need the vaccine because I
do all the right things (hand washing and wearing masks,
gloves) |
| Disagree |
710 (81.1) |
303 (42.7) |
1.25 (0.88-1.77) |
0.211 |
1.23 (0.67-2.24) |
0.507 |
| Agree |
166 (18.9) |
62 (37.3) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| The best way is to let nature take its
course |
| Disagree |
738 (84.2) |
329 (44.6) |
2.28 (1.52-3.42) |
<0.001 |
2.57 (1.24-5.34) |
0.011 |
| Agree |
138 (15.8) |
36 (26.1) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Cues to action |
| Verified safety and effectiveness |
| Disagree |
322 (36.8) |
123 (38.2) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Agree |
554 (63.2) |
242 (43.7) |
1.26 (0.95-1.66) |
0.113 |
1.80 (1.08-3.00) |
0.025 |
| Taken by many of the population |
| Disagree |
660 (75.3) |
256 (38.8) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Agree |
216 (24.7) |
109 (50.5) |
1.61 (1.18-2.19) |
0.003 |
1.85 (1.12-3.08) |
0.017 |
| Recommended by a trusted doctor |
| Disagree |
702 (80.1) |
273 (38.9) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Agree |
174 (19.9) |
92 (52.9) |
1.76 (1.26-2.46) |
0.001 |
1.02 (0.56-1.86) |
0.951 |
| Mandatory vaccination is required at the
workplace |
| Disagree |
765 (87.3) |
310 (40.5) |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Agree |
111 (12.7) |
55 (49.5) |
1.44 (0.97-2.15) |
0.072 |
2.76 (1.37-5.58) |
0.005 |
