Table 3. Pooled Analysis of the Included Studies Evaluating Safety (Random-Effects Model).
| Treatment Arm | Grade 3/4 AE | CNS-Related Grade 3/4 AE | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proportion | OR (95% CI) | P | Proportion | OR (95% CI) | P | |
| ICI monotherapy | 11 (8–17) | REF | 5 (3–8) | REF | ||
| ICI combined with radiotherapy | 4 (1–19) | 0.24 (0.01–4.29)* | 0.24 | 8 (3–20) | 1.70 (0.43–6.73) | 0.40 |
| ICI combination therapy | 60 (52–67) | 11.72 (5.29–25.95)* | < 0.01 | 9 (5–15) | 2.08 (0.79–5.50) | 0.12 |
| Total | 26 (10–52) | - | - | 7 (5–9) | - | - |
Values are expressed as proportion (95% CI). OR was calculated based on indirect comparison. *Grade 3/4 AE rate was significantly higher when using ICI combination therapy compared to ICI combined with radiotherapy (OR [95% CI], 49.22 [2.83–856.62]; p = 0.02). AE = adverse event, CNS = central nervous system