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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Qual Life Res. 2020 Nov 2;30(4):1131–1143. doi: 10.1007/s11136-020-02683-3

Table 3.

Adjusted case-control differences in mean scores on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) subscales, stratified by rurality, SEER-MHOS, 1998–2014 (n=271,640).

Urban participants
Breast cancer survivors v. controls Colorectal cancer survivors v. controls Lung cancer survivors v. controls Prostate cancer survivors v. controls
diff. SE p diff. SE p diff. SE p diff. SE p
Physical functioning −0.40 0.10 *** −0.21 0.12 −1.93 0.13 *** 0.06 0.09
Role limitation-physical −0.38 0.01 *** −0.37 0.12 ** −1.42 0.13 *** −0.46 0.09 ***
Pain −0.16 0.01 0.18 0.11 −0.42 0.12 *** −0.33 0.08 ***
General health −0.56 0.01 *** −0.67 0.10 *** −2.18 0.12 *** −0.72 0.08 ***
Vitality −0.47 0.01 *** −0.20 0.11 −1.49 0.12 *** −0.28 0.08 ***
Social functioning −0.09 0.10 −0.15 0.12 −0.95 0.13 *** −0.22 0.09 *
Role limitation-emotional −0.06 0.01 0.13 0.12 −0.76 0.13 *** −0.21 0.09 *
Emotional well-being 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.11 −0.81 0.12 *** −0.17 0.08 *
Physical component summary −0.53 0.09 *** 0.40 0.11 *** −1.70 0.12 *** −0.35 0.08 ***
Mental component summary 0.03 0.09 0.09 0.11 −0.59 0.12 *** −0.22 0.08 **
Rural participants
Breast cancer survivors v. controls Colorectal cancer survivors v. controls Lung cancer survivors v. controls Prostate cancer survivors v. controls
diff. SE p diff. SE p diff. SE p diff. SE p
Physical functioning 0.22 0.42 0.35 0.49 −1.88 0.58 ** −0.09 0.38
Role limitation-physical −0.62 0.40 −0.10 0.47 −1.29 0.56 * −1.52 0.38 ***
Pain −0.18 0.36 0.89 0.42 * −0.71 0.50 −0.49 0.34
General health −0.33 0.35 −0.25 0.43 −2.57 0.51 *** −1.17 0.34 ***
Vitality −0.31 0.36 0.65 0.42 −1.63 0.52 ** −0.63 0.35
Social functioning −0.14 0.41 0.36 0.46 −1.68 0.57 ** −0.84 0.38 *
Role limitation-emotional −0.38 0.39 0.16 0.47 −0.14 0.56 −1.24 0.37 ***
Emotional well-being −0.43 0.37 0.58 0.42 −0.73 0.50 −0.97 0.34 **
Physical component summary −0.07 0.38 0.23 0.44 −1.76 0.53 *** −0.58 0.35
Mental component summary −0.45 0.37 0.47 0.41 −0.58 0.50 −1.00 0.33 **

Note. P-values reflect the statistical significance of case-control differences in HRQOL subscale scores, evaluated using multivariable linear regression, controlling for participant sex, race/ethnicity, annual household income, educational attainment, marital status, age, multimorbidity index score, Census region, and survey cohort. Diff.=difference; SE=standard error.

*

p<.05

**

p<.01

***

p<.001.